–õ–æ–≤–ª—è –Ω–∞ —Å–∞–º–æ–¥—É—Ä

–°–∞–º–æ–¥—É—Ä – —ç—Ç–æ —Ä—ã–±–æ–ª–æ–≤–Ω–∞—è —Å–Ω–∞—Å—Ç—å, –ø—Ä–∏–º–µ–Ω—è—é—â–∞—è—Å—è —Ä—ã–±–∞–∫–∞–º–∏ –Ω–∞ –ß–µ—Ä–Ω–æ–º –º–æ—Ä–µ. –°–∞–º–æ–¥—É—Ä —Å–æ—Å—Ç–æ–∏—Ç –∏–∑ —á–µ—Ç—ã—Ä–µ—Ö —á–∞—Å—Ç–µ–π. –®–Ω—É—Ä –¥–ª–∏–Ω–æ–π 100-120 –º –Ω–∞–º–∞—Ç—ã–≤–∞–µ—Ç—Å—è –Ω–∞ –∫–∞—Ç—É—à–∫—É, –º–æ—Ç–æ–≤–∏–ª—å—Ü–µ. –û–Ω –∑–∞–∫–∞–Ω—á–∏–≤–∞–µ—Ç—Å—è —Å—Ç–∞–≤–∫–æ–π – –±–æ–ª–µ–µ —Ç–æ–Ω–∫–æ–π –ª–µ—Å–∫–æ–π, –∫ –∫–æ—Ç–æ—Ä–æ–π –ø—Ä–∏–≤—è–∑–∞–Ω–æ –Ω–µ—Å–∫–æ–ª—å–∫–æ –∫—Ä—é—á–∫–æ–≤, —É–∫—Ä–∞—à–µ–Ω–Ω—ã—Ö –ø–µ—Ä—ã—à–∫–∞–º–∏, —Ä–∞–∑–Ω–æ—Ü–≤–µ—Ç–Ω—ã–º–∏ –æ–±–º–æ—Ç–∫–∞–º–∏ –∏–ª–∏ –±—É—Å–∏–Ω–∫–∞–º–∏. –°–Ω–∏–∑—É –∫ —Å—Ç–∞–≤–∫–µ –ø—Ä–∏–≤—è–∑—ã–≤–∞–µ—Ç—Å—è –º–µ—Ç–∞–ª–ª–∏—á–µ—Å–∫–∏–π –≥—Ä—É–∑ (—Å–≤–∏–Ω–µ—Ü, –∂–µ–ª–µ–∑–æ, —á—É–≥—É–Ω –∏ –¥—Ä.). –ü—Ä–∏ –ª–æ–≤–ª–µ –≥—Ä—É–∑ –æ–ø—É—Å–∫–∞—é—Ç –¥–æ –¥–Ω–∞, –ø–æ—Å–ª–µ —á–µ–≥–æ –Ω–∞—á–∏–Ω–∞—é—Ç –ø–æ–¥–µ—Ä–≥–∏–≤–∞—Ç—å —à–Ω—É—Ä –Ω–∞ –≤—ã—Å–æ—Ç—É –æ–∫–æ–ª–æ 1 –º –∏ —Å–Ω–æ–≤–∞ –æ–ø—É—Å–∫–∞—Ç—å –µ–≥–æ –¥–æ –¥–Ω–∞. –†—ã–±–∞ —Ö–≤–∞—Ç–∞–µ—Ç –±–ª–µ—Å—Ç—è—â–∏–µ –∫—Ä—é—á–∫–∏ –∏ –∑–∞—Å–µ–∫–∞–µ—Ç—Å—è. –ù–∞ —Å–∞–º–æ–¥—É—Ä –ª–æ–≤—è—Ç—Å—è —Ä–∞–∑–Ω–æ–æ–±—Ä–∞–∑–Ω—ã–µ —Ä—ã–±—ã: —Å—Ç–∞–≤—Ä–∏–¥–∞, —Å–∫—É–º–±—Ä–∏—è –∏ —Å–µ–ª—å–¥—å; –∫—Ä–æ–º–µ –Ω–∏—Ö, –ø–æ–ø–∞–¥–∞—é—Ç –ø–µ–ª–∞–º–∏–¥–∞, –ª—É—Ñ–∞—Ä—å, –∫–∞—Ç—Ä–∞–Ω, –º–æ—Ä—Å–∫–æ–π —Å–∫–æ—Ä–ø–∏–æ–Ω, –ø–∏–∫—à–∞, —Å–º–∞—Ä–∏–¥–∞ (–≥–æ–ª—É–±–æ–π –æ–∫—É–Ω—å), –∫—Ä–∞—Å–Ω—ã–π –º–æ—Ä—Å–∫–æ–π –æ–∫—É–Ω—å –∏ –º–æ—Ä—Å–∫–æ–π –ø–µ—Ç—É—Ö; –∏–Ω–æ–≥–¥–∞ –ø–æ–¥–±–∞–≥—Ä–∏–≤–∞—é—Ç—Å—è –∫–∞–º–±–∞–ª–∞, –º–æ—Ä—Å–∫–æ–π –∫–æ—Ç –∏ –ª–∏—Å–∞. –†–∞–∑–º–µ—Ä, —Å–∏–ª–∞ –∏ –ø–æ–≤–∞–¥–∫–∏ —Ä—ã–± –∑–Ω–∞—á–∏—Ç–µ–ª—å–Ω–æ —Ä–∞–∑–Ω—è—Ç—Å—è –º–µ–∂–¥—É —Å–æ–±–æ–π, –ø–æ—ç—Ç–æ–º—É —Å–Ω–∞—Å—Ç–∏ –ø—Ä–∏—Ö–æ–¥–∏—Ç—Å—è –¥–µ–ª–∞—Ç—å —Ä–∞–∑–Ω–æ–π –ø—Ä–æ—á–Ω–æ—Å—Ç–∏. –î–ª—è –ª–æ–≤–ª–∏ –∫–∞—Ç—Ä–∞–Ω–∞ –Ω—É–∂–Ω–∞ —Å–∞–º–∞—è –ø—Ä–æ—á–Ω–∞—è —Å–Ω–∞—Å—Ç—å, —Ç–∞–∫ –∫–∞–∫ –≤–µ—Å —Ä—ã–±—ã –¥–æ—Ö–æ–¥–∏—Ç –¥–æ 15 –∫–≥. –†–∞–Ω—å—à–µ –ø—Ä–∏–º–µ–Ω—è–ª–∏ –∫—Ä—É—á–µ–Ω—ã–π –∏–ª–∏ –ø–ª–µ—Ç–µ–Ω—ã–π —à–ø–∞–≥–∞—Ç –≤—ã—Å—à–µ–≥–æ –∫–∞—á–µ—Å—Ç–≤–∞, —Ç–µ–ø–µ—Ä—å –º–æ–∂–Ω–æ –ø—Ä–∏–º–µ–Ω—è—Ç—å –ª–µ—Å–∫—É 0,5-0,8 –º–º. –î–ª—è –ª–æ–≤–ª–∏ –∫—Ä—É–ø–Ω–æ–π —Å—Ç–∞–≤—Ä–∏–¥—ã, –ø–µ–ª–∞–º–∏–¥—ã, –º–æ—Ä—Å–∫–æ–≥–æ –ø–µ—Ç—É—Ö–∞ –ø—Ä–∏–º–µ–Ω—è—é—Ç –ª–µ—Å–∫—É –∏–∑ –∂–∏–ª–∫–∏ 0,5-0,6 –º–º, –∞ –¥–ª—è –ª–µ–≥–∫–æ–π –ª–æ–≤–ª–∏ 0,2-0,4 –º–º.

–£—Å—Ç—Ä–æ–π—Å—Ç–≤–æ —Å–∞–º–æ–¥—É—Ä–∞: —É–¥–∏–ª–∏—â–µ –¥–æ–ª–∂–Ω–æ –±—ã—Ç—å –¥–ª–∏–Ω–æ–π –æ—Ç 1,25 –º –¥–æ 3,5 –º, –∏–∑ –ª—é–±–æ–≥–æ –º–∞—Ç–µ—Ä–∏–∞–ª–∞, –Ω–µ –æ—á–µ–Ω—å –∂–µ—Å—Ç–∫–æ–µ, –Ω–æ –∏ –Ω–µ —Ö–ª—ã—Å—Ç–æ–≤–∞—Ç–æ–µ. –ö–æ–Ω—á–∏–∫ —É–¥–∏–ª–∏—â–∞ –∏–∑ –Ω–∞—Ç—É—Ä–∞–ª—å–Ω–æ–≥–æ –±–∞–º–±—É–∫–∞ –Ω–µ —Å–ª–µ–¥—É–µ—Ç –¥–µ–ª–∞—Ç—å —Ç–æ–ª—â–µ 7-8 –º–º. –î–ª—è –ª–æ–≤–ª–∏ –Ω—É–∂–Ω–æ –≤—ã–±–∏—Ä–∞—Ç—å —Ç–∞–∫–æ–π –º–∞—Ç–µ—Ä–∏–∞–ª, —á—Ç–æ–±—ã —É–¥–∏–ª–∏—â–µ –≤—ã–¥–µ—Ä–∂–∏–≤–∞–ª–æ –≤–µ—Å 10-12 –∫–≥ –∏ –ø—Ä–∏ —ç—Ç–æ–º —Å–æ—Ö—Ä–∞–Ω—è–ª–æ —Å–≤–æ—é —É–ø—Ä—É–≥–æ—Å—Ç—å. –ù–∞ —É–¥–∏–ª–∏—â–µ –Ω—É–∂–Ω–æ –Ω–∞–≤—è–∑–∞—Ç—å –¥–≤–∞ –∏–ª–∏ —Ç—Ä–∏ –∫–æ–ª—å—Ü–∞. –ö–æ–Ω—Ü–µ–≤–æ–µ –∫–æ–ª—å—Ü–æ – —Ç—é–ª—å–ø–∞–Ω, –ø–æ —É—Å—Ç—Ä–æ–π—Å—Ç–≤—É –ø–æ—Ö–æ–∂–µ –Ω–∞ —Å–ø–∏–Ω–Ω–∏–Ω–≥–æ–≤—ã–π —Ç—é–ª—å–ø–∞–Ω. –°–∞–º–æ–µ –ª—É—á—à–µ–µ –∫–æ–ª—å—Ü–æ – —Ñ–∞—Ä—Ñ–æ—Ä–æ–≤–æ–µ –≤ –º–µ–¥–Ω–æ–π –∏–ª–∏ –ª–∞—Ç—É–Ω–Ω–æ–π –æ–ø—Ä–∞–≤–µ. –û—Å–æ–±–æ–µ –≤–Ω–∏–º–∞–Ω–∏–µ –Ω–µ–æ–±—Ö–æ–¥–∏–º–æ –æ–±—Ä–∞—â–∞—Ç—å –Ω–∞ –ø—Ä–æ—á–Ω–æ—Å—Ç—å –æ–ø—Ä–∞–≤—ã –∏ –∫—Ä–µ–ø–æ—Å—Ç—å –æ–±–º–æ—Ç–∫–∏. –ö–æ–≥–¥–∞ —Ç—é–ª—å–ø–∞–Ω –ø–æ—Å—Ç–∞–≤–ª–µ–Ω –Ω–∞ –º–µ—Å—Ç–æ –∏ —Å–¥–µ–ª–∞–Ω–∞ –æ–±–º–æ—Ç–∫–∞, —Ç–æ —Ä–µ–∫–æ–º–µ–Ω–¥—É–µ—Ç—Å—è –∞–∫–∫—É—Ä–∞—Ç–Ω–æ –ø–æ–∫—Ä—ã—Ç—å –≤–µ—Å—å –∫–æ–Ω—á–∏–∫ —É–¥–∏–ª–∏—â–∞ –º–∞—Å–ª—è–Ω—ã–º –ª–∞–∫–æ–º. –î–≤–∞ –ø—Ä–æ–ø—É—Å–∫–Ω—ã—Ö –∫–æ–ª—å—Ü–∞ – –Ω–∏–∂–Ω–µ–µ (–æ–∫–æ–ª–æ –∫–∞—Ç—É—à–∫–∏) –∏ —Å—Ä–µ–¥–Ω–µ–µ (–Ω–∞ —Å–µ—Ä–µ–¥–∏–Ω–µ –¥–ª–∏–Ω—ã —É–¥–∏–ª–∏—â–∞) – –º–æ–≥—É—Ç –±—ã—Ç—å —Å–¥–µ–ª–∞–Ω—ã –∏–∑ –º–µ–¥–∏ –∏–ª–∏ –ª–∞—Ç—É–Ω–∏; –ø—Ä–∏ —ç—Ç–æ–º —Ä–∞–±–æ—á–∞—è –ø–æ–≤–µ—Ä—Ö–Ω–æ—Å—Ç—å –∏—Ö –æ–±—è–∑–∞—Ç–µ–ª—å–Ω–æ –¥–æ–ª–∂–Ω–∞ –±—ã—Ç—å –ø–æ–ª–∏—Ä–æ–≤–∞–Ω–Ω–æ–π. –ö–æ–Ω–µ—á–Ω–æ, –ª—É—á—à–µ, —á—Ç–æ–±—ã –∏ —ç—Ç–∏ –∫–æ–ª—å—Ü–∞ –±—ã–ª–∏ —Ñ–∞—Ä—Ñ–æ—Ä–æ–≤—ã–µ.

–î–ª—è –ø—Ä–∏–¥–∞–Ω–∏—è –±–æ–ª—å—à–µ–π –∫—Ä–µ–ø–æ—Å—Ç–∏ —É–¥–∏–ª–∏—â—É –º–æ–∂–Ω–æ —Ä–µ–∫–æ–º–µ–Ω–¥–æ–≤–∞—Ç—å –ø–æ –≤—Å–µ–π –µ–≥–æ –¥–ª–∏–Ω–µ –¥–µ–ª–∞—Ç—å –æ–±–º–æ—Ç–∫–∏ –∏–∑ —Ç–æ–Ω–∫–æ–π —à–µ–ª–∫–æ–≤–æ–π –Ω–∏—Ç–∫–∏ –∏–ª–∏ –∏–∑ –Ω–∏—Ç–∫–∏ –º—É–ª–∏–Ω–µ –Ω–∞ —Ä–∞—Å—Å—Ç–æ—è–Ω–∏–∏ 6-10 —Å–º –æ–¥–Ω–∞ –æ—Ç –¥—Ä—É–≥–æ–π. –î–µ–ª–∞–µ—Ç—Å—è —ç—Ç–æ —Ç–∞–∫: –æ—Ç—Ä–µ–∑–∞—é—Ç –Ω–∏—Ç–æ—á–∫—É –¥–ª–∏–Ω–æ–π 6-8 —Å–º, —Å–∫–ª–∞–¥—ã–≤–∞—é—Ç –µ–µ –ø–æ–ø–æ–ª–∞–º –∏ –∫–ª–∞–¥—É—Ç –Ω–∞ —Å—Ç–æ–ª. –ó–∞—Ç–µ–º –±–µ—Ä—É—Ç –≤ –ø—Ä–∞–≤—É—é —Ä—É–∫—É —à–ø—É–ª—å–∫—É —Å –Ω–∞–º–æ—Ç–∞–Ω–Ω–æ–π –Ω–∏—Ç–∫–æ–π, –∫–æ–Ω—á–∏–∫ –Ω–∏—Ç–∫–∏ –ø—Ä–∏–∫–ª–∞–¥—ã–≤–∞—é—Ç –∫ —É–¥–∏–ª–∏—â—É –≤ –º–µ—Å—Ç–µ, –≤—ã–±—Ä–∞–Ω–Ω–æ–º –¥–ª—è –æ–±–º–æ—Ç–∫–∏, –∏, –ø—Ä–∏–∂–∏–º–∞—è –µ–≥–æ –∫ —É–¥–∏–ª–∏—â—É, –∑–∞–º–∞—Ç—ã–≤–∞—é—Ç –≤–æ–∫—Ä—É–≥, –ø–µ—Ä–µ–±–∏—Ä–∞—è —à–ø—É–ª—å–∫—É. –ü—Ä–∏ —ç—Ç–æ–º –Ω—É–∂–Ω–æ —Å—Ç–∞—Ä–∞—Ç—å—Å—è —É–∫–ª–∞–¥—ã–≤–∞—Ç—å –Ω–∏—Ç–∫—É —Ä–æ–≤–Ω–æ, –≤–∏—Ç–æ–∫ –∫ –≤–∏—Ç–∫—É; —ç—Ç–æ –±—É–¥–µ—Ç –ø—Ä–æ—á–Ω–æ –∏ –∫—Ä–∞—Å–∏–≤–æ. –ö–æ–≥–¥–∞ –¥–æ –∫–æ–Ω—Ü–∞ –æ–±–º–æ—Ç–∫–∏ –æ—Å—Ç–∞–Ω–µ—Ç—Å—è 5-10 –æ–±–æ—Ä–æ—Ç–æ–≤ —à–ø—É–ª—å–∫–∏, –±–µ—Ä—É—Ç –ø—Ä–∏–≥–æ—Ç–æ–≤–ª–µ–Ω–Ω—É—é –Ω–∏—Ç–∫—É –∏, –Ω–∞–ª–æ–∂–∏–≤ –µ–µ –Ω–∞ —É–¥–∏–ª–∏—â–µ, –ø—Ä–æ–¥–æ–ª–∂–∞—é—Ç –æ–±–º–∞—Ç—ã–≤–∞—Ç—å —Ç–∞–∫, —á—Ç–æ–±—ã –Ω–∏—Ç–∫–∞-–ø–µ—Ç–µ–ª—å–∫–∞ –ø—Ä–∏–∂–∏–º–∞–ª–∞—Å—å –∫ –¥–µ—Ä–µ–≤—É. –ö–æ–≥–¥–∞ –æ–±–º–æ—Ç–∫–∞ –ø–æ–ª—É—á–∏—Ç—Å—è –∂–µ–ª–∞–µ–º–æ–π –¥–ª–∏–Ω—ã, –æ–±—Ä—ã–≤–∞—é—Ç –Ω–∏—Ç–∫—É —Å –Ω–µ–±–æ–ª—å—à–∏–º –∑–∞–ø–∞—Å–æ–º, –≤—Å—Ç–∞–≤–ª—è—é—Ç –µ–µ –∫–æ–Ω—á–∏–∫ –≤ –ø–µ—Ç–µ–ª—å–∫—É –∏ –≤—ã—Ç—è–≥–∏–≤–∞—é—Ç –ø–µ—Ç–µ–ª—å–∫—É –∑–∞ –æ–±–∞ –∫–æ–Ω—á–∏–∫–∞. –ë–ª–∞–≥–æ–¥–∞—Ä—è —ç—Ç–æ–º—É –ø—Ä–∏–µ–º—É –∫–æ–Ω–µ—Ü –æ–±–º–æ—Ç–∫–∏ –±—É–¥–µ—Ç –Ω–∞—Ö–æ–¥–∏—Ç—å—Å—è –ø–æ–¥ –ø—è—Ç—å—é – —à–µ—Å—Ç—å—é –≤–∏—Ç–∫–∞–º–∏ –æ–±–º–æ—Ç–∫–∏. –ü–æ—Å–ª–µ —ç—Ç–æ–≥–æ –ª–∏—à–Ω—é—é –Ω–∏—Ç–∫—É –æ–±—Ä–µ–∑–∞—é—Ç.

–û–±–º–æ—Ç–∫–∞ —É–¥–∏–ª–∏—â–∞ –æ—á–µ–Ω—å –ø–æ–ª–µ–∑–Ω–∞. –î–µ–ª–æ –≤ —Ç–æ–º, —á—Ç–æ –ø—Ä–∏ –∏–∑–≥–∏–±–µ –Ω–∞—Ä—É–∂–Ω–∞—è —Å—Ç–æ—Ä–æ–Ω–∞ —É–¥–∏–ª–∏—â–∞ –∏—Å–ø—ã—Ç—ã–≤–∞–µ—Ç –Ω–∞–ø—Ä—è–∂–µ–Ω–∏–µ –Ω–∞ —Ä–∞—Å—Ç—è–∂–µ–Ω–∏–µ, –≤–Ω—É—Ç—Ä–µ–Ω–Ω—è—è –Ω–∞ —Å–∂–∞—Ç–∏–µ; –≤ —Ä–µ–∑—É–ª—å—Ç–∞—Ç–µ –ø–æ—è–≤–ª—è–µ—Ç—Å—è —Ç–µ–Ω–¥–µ–Ω—Ü–∏—è —Å–ø–ª—é—â–∏–≤–∞–Ω–∏—è. –ù–∞–ª–æ–∂–µ–Ω–Ω–∞—è –æ–±–º–æ—Ç–∫–∞ —Å–ø–æ—Å–æ–±—Å—Ç–≤—É–µ—Ç —Å–æ—Ö—Ä–∞–Ω–µ–Ω–∏—é –∫—Ä—É–≥–ª–æ–≥–æ —Å–µ—á–µ–Ω–∏—è —É–¥–∏–ª–∏—â–∞. –ü–æ—ç—Ç–æ–º—É –æ–±–º–æ—Ç–∫—É –º–æ–∂–Ω–æ –Ω–∞—Å—Ç–æ–π—á–∏–≤–æ —Ä–µ–∫–æ–º–µ–Ω–¥–æ–≤–∞—Ç—å. –î–ª—è —É–∫—Ä–∞—à–µ–Ω–∏—è –º–æ–∂–Ω–æ –æ–±–º–µ—Ä–∫–∏ –¥–µ–ª–∞—Ç—å —Ü–≤–µ—Ç–Ω—ã–º–∏ –Ω–∏—Ç–∫–∞–º–∏. –ù–∞ —Ä—É—á–∫—É –∂–µ–ª–∞—Ç–µ–ª—å–Ω–æ –Ω–∞–¥–µ–≤–∞—Ç—å –ø—Ä–æ–±–∫–∏ –∏ –ø—Ä–∏–∫–ª–µ–∏–≤–∞—Ç—å –∏—Ö –∫–∞–∑–µ–∏–Ω–æ–≤—ã–º –∫–ª–µ–µ–º –∏–ª–∏ –º–∞—Å–ª—è–Ω—ã–º –ª–∞–∫–æ–º. –ù–∞ —Ä—É—á–∫–µ –º–æ–Ω—Ç–∏—Ä—É–µ—Ç—Å—è –∫–∞—Ç—É—à–∫–æ–¥–µ—Ä–∂–∞—Ç–µ–ª—å. –ù–∞–∏–±–æ–ª–µ–µ –ø—Ä–æ—Å—Ç–∞—è –∫–æ–Ω—Å—Ç—Ä—É–∫—Ü–∏—è – –¥–≤–∞ –∫–æ–ª—å—Ü–∞ —à–∏—Ä–∏–Ω–æ–π –ø–æ 1 —Å–º. –ò—Ö –ª—É—á—à–µ –¥–µ–ª–∞—Ç—å –∏–∑ –ª–∞—Ç—É–Ω–∏ —Å –ø—Ä–æ–ø–∞—è–Ω–Ω—ã–º –∑–∞–º–∫–æ–º. –ù–∞–∏–±–æ–ª—å—à–µ–≥–æ –≤–Ω–∏–º–∞–Ω–∏—è —Ç—Ä–µ–±—É–µ—Ç –≤—ã–±–æ—Ä –∫–∞—Ç—É—à–∫–∏. –ù—É–∂–Ω–æ —Å–∫–∞–∑–∞—Ç—å, —á—Ç–æ –Ω–∞ —Å–∞–º–æ–¥—É—Ä–µ –∫–∞—Ç—É—à–∫–µ –ø—Ä–∏—Ö–æ–¥–∏—Ç—Å—è —Ä–∞–±–æ—Ç–∞—Ç—å –±–æ–ª—å—à–µ, —á–µ–º –Ω–∞ —Å–ø–∏–Ω–Ω–∏–Ω–≥–µ, –∏, –∫—Ä–æ–º–µ —Ç–æ–≥–æ, –≤ –Ω–µ–±–ª–∞–≥–æ–ø—Ä–∏—è—Ç–Ω—ã—Ö —É—Å–ª–æ–≤–∏—è—Ö. –û–Ω–∞ –ø–æ–¥–≤–µ—Ä–≥–∞–µ—Ç—Å—è –¥–µ–π—Å—Ç–≤–∏—é –º–æ—Ä—Å–∫–æ–π –≤–æ–¥—ã, –æ—Ç –∫–æ—Ç–æ—Ä–æ–π –∫–æ—Ä—Ä–æ–∑–∏—Ä—É—é—Ç –≤—Å–µ –º–µ—Ç–∞–ª–ª—ã, –æ—Å–æ–±–µ–Ω–Ω–æ –∞–ª—é–º–∏–Ω–∏–π –∏ –¥—é—Ä–∞–ª—å, –∫–æ—Ç–æ—Ä—ã–µ –ø—Ä–∏ –ø–ª–æ—Ö–æ–º —É—Ö–æ–¥–µ —Å–ø–æ—Å–æ–±–Ω—ã —Å–æ–≤–µ—Ä—à–µ–Ω–Ω–æ —Ä–∞—Å–ø–∞–¥–∞—Ç—å—Å—è. –î–ª—è —Å–æ—Ö—Ä–∞–Ω–µ–Ω–∏—è –∫–∞—Ç—É—à–∫–∏ –Ω–µ–æ–±—Ö–æ–¥–∏–º–æ —Ö–æ—Ä–æ—à–æ –ø—Ä–æ–∫—Ä–∞—Å–∏—Ç—å –≤—Å—é –∫–∞—Ç—É—à–∫—É –º–∞—Å–ª—è–Ω–æ–π –∫—Ä–∞—Å–∫–æ–π –∏–ª–∏ –æ—Ç–ª–∞–∫–∏—Ä–æ–≤–∞—Ç—å –º–∞—Å–ª—è–Ω—ã–º –ª–∞–∫–æ–º.

–†–∞–∑–º–µ—Ä –∫–∞—Ç—É—à–∫–∏ –∏–º–µ–µ—Ç –±–æ–ª—å—à–æ–µ –∑–Ω–∞—á–µ–Ω–∏–µ, —Ç–∞–∫ –∫–∞–∫ –ª–æ–≤–ª—è –ø—Ä–æ–∏–∑–≤–æ–¥–∏—Ç—Å—è –Ω–∞ –≥–ª—É–±–∏–Ω–∞—Ö –æ—Ç 10 –¥–æ 80 –º. –ü—Ä–∏ –º–∞–ª–æ–º –¥–∏–∞–º–µ—Ç—Ä–µ –∫–∞—Ç—É—à–∫–∏ –∑–∞ –æ–¥–∏–Ω –æ–±–æ—Ä–æ—Ç —Å–º–∞—Ç—ã–≤–∞–µ—Ç—Å—è –∏–ª–∏ –Ω–∞–º–∞—Ç—ã–≤–∞–µ—Ç—Å—è –æ–∫–æ–ª–æ 0,1 –º, —Ç. –µ. –¥–µ—Å—è—Ç—å –æ–±–æ—Ä–æ—Ç–æ–≤ –¥–∞—é—Ç –≤—Å–µ–≥–æ 1 –º –ª–µ—Å–∫–∏. –ü—Ä–∏ –ª–æ–≤–ª–µ –Ω–∞ –≥–ª—É–±–∏–Ω–µ 20 –º –Ω—É–∂–Ω–æ —Å–¥–µ–ª–∞—Ç—å 200 –æ–±–æ—Ä–æ—Ç–æ–≤, —á—Ç–æ –≤–µ—Å—å–º–∞ –Ω–µ—É–¥–æ–±–Ω–æ –∏ –º–µ–¥–ª–µ–Ω–Ω–æ. –ß–∞—â–µ –≤—Å–µ–≥–æ –ø—Ä–∏–º–µ–Ω—è—é—Ç—Å—è –∫–∞—Ç—É—à–∫–∏ –¥–∏–∞–º–µ—Ç—Ä–æ–º 120-130 –º–º —Å–æ —à–ø—É–ª—å–∫–æ–π –¥–∏–∞–º–µ—Ç—Ä–æ–º –¥–æ 90 –º–º. –î–ª—è —É–¥–æ–±—Å—Ç–≤–∞ —ç–∫—Å–ø–ª—É–∞—Ç–∞—Ü–∏–∏ –Ω—É–∂–Ω–æ –∑–∞–º–µ—Ä–∏—Ç—å –¥–ª–∏–Ω—É —Å–º–∞—Ç—ã–≤–∞–µ–º–æ–π –ª–µ—Å–∫–∏ –∑–∞ –æ–¥–∏–Ω –æ–±–æ—Ä–æ—Ç. –ü—Ä–∏ –¥–∏–∞–º–µ—Ç—Ä–µ —à–ø—É–ª—å–∫–∏ –æ–∫–æ–ª–æ 80 –º–º —Å–º–∞—Ç—ã–≤–∞–µ—Ç—Å—è –æ–∫–æ–ª–æ 0,25 –º –ª–µ—Å–∫–∏, —Ç. –µ. –∑–∞ —á–µ—Ç—ã—Ä–µ –æ–±–æ—Ä–æ—Ç–∞ —Å–º–∞—Ç—ã–≤–∞–µ—Ç—Å—è 1 –º. –ó–Ω–∞–Ω–∏–µ —ç—Ç–æ–π —Ü–∏—Ñ—Ä—ã –ø–æ–∑–≤–æ–ª—è–µ—Ç –ø—Ä–æ—Å—Ç–æ –ø—Ä–æ–º–µ—Ä—è—Ç—å –≥–ª—É–±–∏–Ω—É –≤ –¥–∞–Ω–Ω–æ–º –º–µ—Å—Ç–µ –∏ –æ–ø—Ä–µ–¥–µ–ª—è—Ç—å, – –Ω–∞ –∫–∞–∫–æ–π –≥–ª—É–±–∏–Ω–µ –±–µ—Ä–µ—Ç —Ä—ã–±–∞. –î–∏–∞–º–µ—Ç—Ä –∫–∞—Ç—É—à–∫–∏ –∏–º–µ–µ—Ç –±–æ–ª—å—à–æ–µ –∑–Ω–∞—á–µ–Ω–∏–µ –∏ –ø—Ä–∏ –≤—ã–≤–∞–∂–∏–≤–∞–Ω–∏–∏ —Ä—ã–±—ã. –ü—Ä–∏ —Å–ª–∏—à–∫–æ–º –º–∞–ª–æ–º –¥–∏–∞–º–µ—Ç—Ä–µ –∫–∞—Ç—É—à–∫–∏ –ø–æ–ª—É—á–∞–µ—Ç—Å—è –º–∞–ª–∞—è —Å–∫–æ—Ä–æ—Å—Ç—å –ø–æ–¥–º–æ—Ç–∫–∏ –ª–µ—Å–∫–∏ –∏ –¥–ª—è —É—Å–∫–æ—Ä–µ–Ω–∏—è –Ω–µ–æ–±—Ö–æ–¥–∏–º–æ –æ—á–µ–Ω—å –∏–Ω—Ç–µ–Ω—Å–∏–≤–Ω–æ –∫—Ä—É—Ç–∏—Ç—å –∫–∞—Ç—É—à–∫—É. –ü—Ä–∏ –ª–æ–≤–ª–µ –¥–∞–∂–µ –Ω–∞ —Å—Ä–µ–¥–Ω–µ–π –≥–ª—É–±–∏–Ω–µ (–æ–∫–æ–ª–æ 30 –º) –∑–∞ –æ–¥–∏–Ω –ª–∏—à—å —á–∞—Å –ª–æ–≤–ª–∏ —Å–∏–ª—å–Ω–æ —É—Å—Ç–∞–µ—à—å, –≤ –æ—Å–æ–±–µ–Ω–Ω–æ—Å—Ç–∏ –∫–æ–≥–¥–∞ —Ä—ã–±–∞ —Ö–æ—Ä–æ—à–æ –±–µ—Ä–µ—Ç. –ö—Ä–æ–º–µ —Ç–æ–≥–æ, –¥–æ–ª–≥–∏–π –ø–æ–¥—ä–µ–º —Å–æ–∑–¥–∞–µ—Ç –±–æ–ª–µ–µ –±–ª–∞–≥–æ–ø—Ä–∏—è—Ç–Ω—ã–µ —É—Å–ª–æ–≤–∏—è –¥–ª—è —Å—Ö–æ–¥–∞ —Ä—ã–±—ã.

–ü—Ä–∞–∫—Ç–∏–∫–∞ –ø–æ–∫–∞–∑—ã–≤–∞–µ—Ç, —á—Ç–æ –Ω–∞–∏–±–æ–ª–µ–µ —É–¥–æ–±–Ω–∞ –∫–∞—Ç—É—à–∫–∞ —Å –¥–∏–∞–º–µ—Ç—Ä–æ–º —à–ø—É–ª—å–∫–∏ 160 –º–º (–æ–¥–∏–Ω –æ–±–æ—Ä–æ—Ç –¥–∞–µ—Ç 0,5 –º –ª–µ—Å–∫–∏). –í–µ—Å –∫–∞—Ç—É—à–∫–∏ –∏–≥—Ä–∞–µ—Ç –±–æ–ª—å—à—É—é —Ä–æ–ª—å, —Ç–∞–∫ –∫–∞–∫ –≤–æ –≤—Ä–µ–º—è –ª–æ–≤–ª–∏ –ø—Ä–∏—Ö–æ–¥–∏—Ç—Å—è –≤—Å–µ –≤—Ä–µ–º—è –¥–≤–∏–≥–∞—Ç—å —É–¥–∏–ª–∏—â–µ –∏ –ø—Ä–∏ —Ç—è–∂–µ–ª–æ–π –∫–∞—Ç—É—à–∫–µ –±—ã—Å—Ç—Ä–æ —É—Å—Ç–∞–µ—à—å. –ù–µ–æ–±—Ö–æ–¥–∏–º–æ –Ω–µ —Ç–æ–ª—å–∫–æ –¥–æ–±–∏–≤–∞—Ç—å—Å—è –Ω–µ–±–æ–ª—å—à–æ–≥–æ –≤–µ—Å–∞ –≤—Å–µ–π —Å–Ω–∞—Å—Ç–∏, –Ω–æ –∏ —Ö–æ—Ä–æ—à–æ –æ—Ç—Ä–µ–≥—É–ª–∏—Ä–æ–≤–∞—Ç—å –≤—Å–µ —É–¥–∏–ª–∏—â–µ —Å –∫–∞—Ç—É—à–∫–æ–π —Å —Ü–µ–ª—å—é –ø–æ–º–µ—Å—Ç–∏—Ç—å —Ü–µ–Ω—Ç—Ä —Ç—è–∂–µ—Å—Ç–∏ –µ–≥–æ –≤ —Ç–æ–º –º–µ—Å—Ç–µ, –≥–¥–µ –æ–Ω–æ –æ–±—Ö–≤–∞—Ç—ã–≤–∞–µ—Ç—Å—è —Ä—É–∫–æ–π, —Ç. –µ. –Ω–µ–º–Ω–æ–≥–æ –ø–æ–∑–∞–¥–∏ –∫–∞—Ç—É—à–∫–∏. –õ–µ—Å–∫–∞ –∑–∞–∫–∞–Ω—á–∏–≤–∞–µ—Ç—Å—è –∫–∞—Ä–∞–±–∏–Ω–æ–º —Å –∑–∞—Å—Ç–µ–∂–∫–æ–π, —Å –ø–æ–º–æ—â—å—é –∫–æ—Ç–æ—Ä–æ–π –ø—Ä–∏—Å—Ç–µ–≥–∏–≤–∞–µ—Ç—Å—è —Å—Ç–∞–≤–∫–∞, –Ω–∞ –∫–æ—Ç–æ—Ä–æ–π –Ω–∞–≤—è–∑–∞–Ω—ã –∫—Ä—é—á–∫–∏. –£—Å—Ç—Ä–æ–π—Å—Ç–≤–æ —Å—Ç–∞–≤–∫–∏ –∏–º–µ–µ—Ç —Ä–µ—à–∞—é—â–µ–µ –∑–Ω–∞—á–µ–Ω–∏–µ. –ï—Å–ª–∏ —Å—Ç–∞–≤–∫–∞ –∏–º–µ–µ—Ç —Ö–æ—Ç—è –±—ã –º–∞–ª–µ–π—à–∏–µ –¥–µ—Ñ–µ–∫—Ç—ã, —Ç–æ —Ä—ã–±–∞ –∏–ª–∏ —Å–æ–≤—Å–µ–º –Ω–µ –±–µ—Ä–µ—Ç –∏–ª–∏ –ª–æ–≤–∏—Ç—Å—è –æ—á–µ–Ω—å –ø–ª–æ—Ö–æ. –°—Ç–∞–≤–∫–∏ (–∏—Ö –¥–æ–ª–∂–Ω–æ –±—ã—Ç—å –Ω–µ—Å–∫–æ–ª—å–∫–æ) –¥–æ–ª–∂–Ω—ã —Å–æ–æ—Ç–≤–µ—Ç—Å—Ç–≤–æ–≤–∞—Ç—å —Å–µ–∑–æ–Ω—É –∏ —Å–æ—Ä—Ç—É —Ä—ã–±—ã. –õ–µ—Ç–æ–º, –∫–æ–≥–¥–∞ –Ω–∞ –≤—Å–µ—Ö –≥–ª—É–±–∏–Ω–∞—Ö –±–µ—Ä–µ—Ç —Å—Ç–∞–≤—Ä–∏–¥–∞ –∏ –ø—Ä–µ–∏–º—É—â–µ—Å—Ç–≤–µ–Ω–Ω–æ –∫—Ä—É–ø–Ω–∞—è (–¥–æ 1 –∫–≥), –Ω—É–∂–Ω–æ –∏–º–µ—Ç—å —Å—Ç–∞–≤–∫–∏ –∏–∑ –∂–∏–ª–∫–∏ —Ç–æ–ª—â–∏–Ω–æ–π 0,4-0,5 –º–º. –ï—Å–ª–∏ –∫—Ä—É–ø–Ω–æ–π —Å—Ç–∞–≤—Ä–∏–¥—ã –Ω–µ—Ç, —Ç–æ –ø—Ä–∏–º–µ–Ω—è—é—Ç –±–æ–ª–µ–µ —Ç–æ–Ω–∫–∏–µ —Å—Ç–∞–≤–∫–∏ (—Ç–æ–ª—â–∏–Ω–æ–π 0,3 –∏ –¥–∞–∂–µ 0,2 –º–º). –ü—Ä–∏ –ª–æ–≤–ª–µ –º–µ–ª–∫–æ–π —Å—Ç–∞–≤—Ä–∏–¥—ã –Ω–∞–±–ª—é–¥–∞—é—Ç—Å—è —Å–ª—É—á–∞–∏ –ø–æ–∫–ª–µ–≤–æ–∫ –∫–∞—Ç—Ä–∞–Ω–æ–≤ –∏ –ø–µ–ª–∞–º–∏–¥—ã, –≤ —Ä–µ–∑—É–ª—å—Ç–∞—Ç–µ —á–µ–≥–æ –ø—Ä–æ–∏—Å—Ö–æ–¥—è—Ç –æ–±—Ä—ã–≤—ã —Å—Ç–∞–≤–æ–∫; –Ω–æ —Å —ç—Ç–∏–º –ø—Ä–∏—Ö–æ–¥–∏—Ç—Å—è –º–∏—Ä–∏—Ç—å—Å—è –∏–ª–∏ —Å–µ–π—á–∞—Å –∂–µ –ø–µ—Ä–µ—Ö–æ–¥–∏—Ç—å –Ω–∞ –ª–æ–≤–ª—é –∫–∞—Ç—Ä–∞–Ω–æ–≤. –î–ª–∏–Ω–∞ —Å—Ç–∞–≤–∫–∏ –∑–∞–≤–∏—Å–∏—Ç –æ—Ç –¥–ª–∏–Ω—ã —É–¥–∏–ª–∏—â–∞.

–ö—Ä—é—á–∫–∏ –¥–æ–ª–∂–Ω—ã –±—ã—Ç—å —Ö–æ—Ä–æ—à–æ –æ–±–ª—É–∂–µ–Ω—ã (–ª—É—á—à–µ —á–∏—Å—Ç—ã–º –æ–ª–æ–≤–æ–º, –±–µ–∑ –ø—Ä–∏–º–µ—Å–∏ —Å–≤–∏–Ω—Ü–∞). –•–æ–¥–æ–≤–æ–π —Ä–∞–∑–º–µ—Ä –∫—Ä—é—á–∫–æ–≤ ‚Ññ 8-12 —Å –¥–ª–∏–Ω–Ω—ã–º –∏–ª–∏ –∫–æ—Ä–æ—Ç–∫–∏–º —Ü–µ–≤—å–µ–º. –ë–æ–ª–µ–µ –º–µ–ª–∫–∏–µ –∫—Ä—é—á–∫–∏ —Å–ø–æ—Å–æ–±—Å—Ç–≤—É—é—Ç —á–∞—Å—Ç—ã–º —Å—Ö–æ–¥–∞–º —Ä—ã–±—ã, –∞ –∫—Ä—É–ø–Ω—ã–µ –∫—Ä—é—á–∫–∏ –Ω–µ–æ—Ö–æ—Ç–Ω–æ –±–µ—Ä—É—Ç—Å—è —Ä—ã–±–æ–π. –ö—Ä—é—á–∫–∏ –æ–±—Ä–∞–±–∞—Ç—ã–≤–∞—é—Ç—Å—è —Ç–∞–∫ –∂–µ, –∫–∞–∫ –¥–ª—è –Ω–∞—Ö–ª—ã—Å—Ç–∞. –ú–æ–∂–Ω–æ –Ω–µ –ø—Ä–∏–≤—è–∑—ã–≤–∞—Ç—å –ø–µ—Ä—ã—à–µ–∫, –∞ –¥–µ–ª–∞—Ç—å —Ü–≤–µ—Ç–Ω—É—é –æ–±–º–æ—Ç–∫—É —É–∑–ª–∞. –ö—Ä—é—á–∫–∏ –¥–æ–ª–∂–Ω—ã –±—ã—Ç—å —Ä–∞–∑–Ω–æ—Ü–≤–µ—Ç–Ω—ã–º–∏ – —Å —Å–∏–Ω–µ–π, –∫—Ä–∞—Å–Ω–æ–π, –∑–µ–ª–µ–Ω–æ–π, –∂–µ–ª—Ç–æ–π –æ–±–º–æ—Ç–∫–∞–º–∏. –ü–æ–º–∏–º–æ —ç—Ç–æ–≥–æ, –≤—ã—Ä–µ–∑–∞—é—Ç —Ç–æ–Ω–µ–Ω—å–∫–∏–µ –ø–æ–ª–æ—Å–∫–∏ —Å–∏–Ω–µ–π –∏–ª–∏ –∫—Ä–∞—Å–Ω–æ–π –∫–ª–µ–µ–Ω–∫–∏ (—Ö–ª–æ—Ä–≤–∏–Ω–∏–ª–∞) –∏ –ø—Ä–∏–≤—è–∑—ã–≤–∞—é—Ç –∏—Ö –∫ –∫—Ä—é—á–∫—É. –ö—Ä—é—á–∫–∏ –ø—Ä–∏–≤—è–∑—ã–≤–∞—é—Ç—Å—è –∫ —Å—Ç–∞–≤–∫–µ –ø—Ä–∏ –ø–æ–º–æ—â–∏ –ø–æ–≤–æ–¥–∫–∞. –î–ª–∏–Ω–∞ –ø–æ–≤–æ–¥–∫–∞ –¥–æ–ª–∂–Ω–∞ –±—ã—Ç—å –≤ –ø—Ä–µ–¥–µ–ª–∞—Ö 1,5-2 —Å–º. –ï–≥–æ –º–æ–∂–Ω–æ –±—ã–ª–æ –±—ã –¥–µ–ª–∞—Ç—å –µ—â–µ –∫–æ—Ä–æ—á–µ, –Ω–æ –ø—Ä–∏—Ö–æ–¥–∏—Ç—Å—è —É—á–∏—Ç—ã–≤–∞—Ç—å, —á—Ç–æ –µ—Å—Ç—å —Ç–∞–∫–∞—è —Ä—ã–±–∞ (–ª—É—Ñ–∞—Ä—å), –∫–æ—Ç–æ—Ä–∞—è –ª–µ–≥–∫–æ –ø–µ—Ä–µ–∫—É—Å—ã–≤–∞–µ—Ç –ø–æ–≤–æ–¥–æ–∫, –∞ –µ—Å–ª–∏ –¥–æ—Å—Ç–∞–Ω–µ—Ç, —Ç–æ –º–æ–∂–µ—Ç –ø–µ—Ä–µ–∫—É—Å–∏—Ç—å –∏ —Å—Ç–∞–≤–∫—É. –î–ª–∏–Ω–Ω–µ–µ 2 —Å–º –ø–æ–≤–æ–¥–æ–∫ –Ω–µ —Å—Ç–æ–∏—Ç –¥–µ–ª–∞—Ç—å, —Ç–∞–∫ –∫–∞–∫ –∫—Ä—é—á–∫–∏ –æ–±–≤–∏—Å–∞—é—Ç –∏ —Ä—ã–±–∞ –±–µ—Ä–µ—Ç —Ö—É–∂–µ. –¢–æ–ª—â–∏–Ω–∞ –ø–æ–≤–æ–¥–∫–æ–≤ –¥–æ–ª–∂–Ω–∞ –±—ã—Ç—å 0,4-0,5 –º–º. –ö–æ–≥–¥–∞ –ø–æ–≤–æ–¥–æ–∫ –ø—Ä–∏–≤—è–∑–∞–Ω –∫ –∫—Ä—é—á–∫—É, —Ç–æ –Ω–∞ —Ä–∞—Å—Å—Ç–æ—è–Ω–∏–∏ 1,5-2 —Å–º (–¥–ª–∏–Ω–∞ –ø–æ–≤–æ–¥–∫–∞) –∑–∞–≤—è–∑—ã–≤–∞—é—Ç —É–∑–µ–ª–æ–∫ –∏ —Ö–æ—Ä–æ—à–æ –µ–≥–æ –∑–∞—Ç—è–≥–∏–≤–∞—é—Ç, –ø–æ—Å–ª–µ —á–µ–≥–æ, –æ—Å—Ç–∞–≤–∏–≤ –∫–æ—Ä–æ—Ç–µ–Ω—å–∫–∏–π –∫–æ–Ω—á–∏–∫ (–Ω–µ –±–æ–ª–µ–µ 1 –º–º), –æ–±—Ä–µ–∑–∞—é—Ç.

–ü—Ä–∏–≥–æ—Ç–æ–≤–∏–≤ —Ç–∞–∫–∏–º –æ–±—Ä–∞–∑–æ–º –Ω–µ—Å–∫–æ–ª—å–∫–æ –∫—Ä—é—á–∫–æ–≤ (–¥–ª—è –≤—Å–µ–π —Å—Ç–∞–≤–∫–∏), –∏—Ö —É–∫—Ä–∞—à–∞—é—Ç –≤ —Ç–∞–∫–æ–º –ø–æ—Ä—è–¥–∫–µ: –¥–≤–∞ –∫—Ä—é—á–∫–∞ –æ—Ç–¥–µ–ª—ã–≤–∞—é—Ç –∫—Ä–∞—Å–Ω—ã–º, –¥–≤–∞ – —Å–∏–Ω–∏–º, –¥–≤–∞ – –∑–µ–ª–µ–Ω—ã–º, –¥–≤–∞ – –∫—Ä–∞—Å–Ω—ã–º —Å —Å–∏–Ω–∏–º, –¥–≤–∞ – –∫—Ä–∞—Å–Ω—ã–º —Å –∑–µ–ª–µ–Ω—ã–º. –ö–æ–Ω–µ—á–Ω–æ, —Ç–∞–∫–æ–π –∞—Å—Å–æ—Ä—Ç–∏–º–µ–Ω—Ç –ø—Ä–µ–¥–ª–∞–≥–∞–µ—Ç—Å—è –æ—Ä–∏–µ–Ω—Ç–∏—Ä–æ–≤–æ—á–Ω–æ; –∫–∞–∂–¥—ã–π —Ä—ã–±–æ–ª–æ–≤ –º–æ–∂–µ—Ç –ø—Ä–∏–≥–æ—Ç–æ–≤–∏—Ç—å –∫—Ä—é—á–∫–∏ –ø–æ —Å–≤–æ–µ–º—É —É—Å–º–æ—Ç—Ä–µ–Ω–∏—é. –ö–∞–∂–¥—ã–π –∫—Ä—é—á–æ–∫ –æ–±—Ä–∞–±–∞—Ç—ã–≤–∞–µ—Ç—Å—è –≤ —Ç–∞–∫–æ–π –ø–æ—Å–ª–µ–¥–æ–≤–∞—Ç–µ–ª—å–Ω–æ—Å—Ç–∏: —Å–Ω–∞—á–∞–ª–∞ –Ω–∏—Ç–æ—á–∫–æ–π –≤—ã–±—Ä–∞–Ω–Ω–æ–≥–æ —Ü–≤–µ—Ç–∞ (–∂–µ–ª–∞—Ç–µ–ª—å–Ω–æ —à–µ–ª–∫–æ–≤–æ–π –∏–ª–∏ –º—É–ª–∏–Ω–µ) –¥–µ–ª–∞—é—Ç –æ–±–º–æ—Ç–∫–∏ –æ—Ç —É—à–∫–∞ –∏–ª–∏ –ª–æ–ø–∞—Ç–æ—á–∫–∏ –Ω–∞ –¥–ª–∏–Ω—É –æ–∫–æ–ª–æ 5-6 –º–º –∏ –∑–∞–∫—Ä–µ–ø–ª—è—é—Ç –Ω–∏—Ç–∫—É. –ó–∞—Ç–µ–º –Ω–∞–∫–ª–∞–¥—ã–≤–∞—é—Ç –ª–∏–±–æ –ø–µ—Ä—ã—à–∫–æ, –ª–∏–±–æ —É–∑–µ–Ω—å–∫—É—é –ø–æ–ª–æ—Å–∫—É –∫–ª–µ–µ–Ω–∫–∏ –∂–µ–ª–∞–µ–º–æ–≥–æ —Ü–≤–µ—Ç–∞, –ª–∏–±–æ –ø–æ–ª–æ—Å–∫—É –∏–∑ —Ö–ª–æ—Ä–≤–∏–Ω–∏–ª–∞ –∏–ª–∏ —Ä–µ–∑–∏–Ω–∫–∏ –∏ –ø—Ä–∏–º–∞—Ç—ã–≤–∞—é—Ç –µ–µ –∫ –∫—Ä—é—á–∫—É. –≠—Ç–∞ —Ä–∞–±–æ—Ç–∞ —Ç—Ä–µ–±—É–µ—Ç –æ—Å–æ–±–æ–π —Ç—â–∞—Ç–µ–ª—å–Ω–æ—Å—Ç–∏. –ï—Å–ª–∏ –∫ –∫—Ä—é—á–∫—É –Ω–∞–≤—è–∑–∞—Ç—å –ø—É—á–æ–∫ –ø–µ—Ä—å–µ–≤ –∏–ª–∏ –ª–µ–Ω—Ç—É –∏–∑ —Ü–≤–µ—Ç–Ω–æ–π —Ä–µ–∑–∏–Ω—ã –≤ –ø–∞–ª–µ—Ü —à–∏—Ä–∏–Ω–æ–π, —Ç–æ –º–æ–∂–Ω–æ —Å —É–≤–µ—Ä–µ–Ω–Ω–æ—Å—Ç—å—é —Å–∫–∞–∑–∞—Ç—å, —á—Ç–æ —Ä—ã–±–æ–ª–æ–≤ –æ—Å—Ç–∞–Ω–µ—Ç—Å—è –±–µ–∑ —Ä—ã–±—ã. –†—ã–±–∞ —Ö–æ—Ä–æ—à–æ –±–µ—Ä–µ—Ç –ø—Ä–∏ –Ω–∞–ª–∏—á–∏–∏ –Ω–∞ –∫—Ä—é—á–∫–µ —Ü–≤–µ—Ç–Ω–æ–π –æ–±–º–æ—Ç–∫–∏ –∏–ª–∏ —Ü–≤–µ—Ç–Ω—ã—Ö –±—É—Å–∏–Ω–æ–∫. –í –Ω–∞—Å—Ç–æ—è—â–µ–µ –≤—Ä–µ–º—è –Ω–∞–∏–±–æ–ª–µ–µ –ø–æ–ø—É–ª—è—Ä–Ω—ã–º —É–∫—Ä–∞—à–µ–Ω–∏–µ–º –∫—Ä—é—á–∫–æ–≤ —è–≤–ª—è—é—Ç—Å—è —Ä–∞–∑–Ω–æ—Ü–≤–µ—Ç–Ω—ã–µ –±—É—Å–∏–Ω–∫–∏. –í —Å—Ç–∞—Ä—ã—Ö —Ä–∞–¥–∏–æ–ø—Ä–∏–µ–º–Ω–∏–∫–∞—Ö –∏ —Ç–µ–ª–µ–≤–∏–∑–æ—Ä–∞—Ö –ø—Ä–∏–º–µ–Ω—è–ª–∏—Å—å –ø—Ä–æ–≤–æ–¥–Ω–∏—á–∫–∏, –∏–∑–æ–ª–∏—Ä–æ–≤–∞–Ω–Ω—ã–µ —Ç–æ–Ω–µ–Ω—å–∫–∏–º–∏ —Ä–∞–∑–Ω–æ—Ü–≤–µ—Ç–Ω—ã–º–∏ —Ç—Ä—É–±–æ—á–∫–∞–º–∏, —Å–¥–µ–ª–∞–Ω–Ω—ã–º–∏ –∏–∑ —Ö–ª–æ—Ä–≤–∏–Ω–∏–ª–∞. –û–±—Ä–µ–∑–∫–∏ —Ç–∞–∫–∏—Ö –ø—Ä–æ–≤–æ–¥–Ω–∏—á–∫–æ–≤ –º–æ–∂–Ω–æ –∏—Å–ø–æ–ª—å–∑–æ–≤–∞—Ç—å. –î–ª—è —ç—Ç–æ–≥–æ –∏–∑ –∏–∑–æ–ª—è—Ü–∏–∏ –≤—ã—Ç–∞—Å–∫–∏–≤–∞–µ—Ç—Å—è –ø—Ä–æ–≤–æ–¥, –∞ —Ç—Ä—É–±–æ—á–∫–∞ —Ä–µ–∂–µ—Ç—Å—è –∫–æ–ª–µ—á–∫–∞–º–∏ –∏ –ø–æ–ª—É—á–∞—é—Ç—Å—è –±—É—Å–∏–Ω–∫–∏.

–ù–∞ –∫—Ä—é—á–æ–∫ –Ω–∞—Å–∞–∂–∏–≤–∞—é—Ç—Å—è –¥–≤–µ –∏–ª–∏ —Ç—Ä–∏ –±—É—Å–∏–Ω–∫–∏ —Ä–∞–∑–Ω—ã—Ö —Ü–≤–µ—Ç–æ–≤. –î–ª—è —Ç–æ–≥–æ —á—Ç–æ–±—ã –±—É—Å–∏–Ω–∫–∏ –Ω–µ —Å–ø–æ–ª–∑–∞–ª–∏, –∏—Ö –∑–∞–∫—Ä–µ–ø–ª—è—é—Ç –∫–∞–ø–µ–ª—å–∫–æ–π –∫–ª–µ—è –ë–§-2 –∏–ª–∏ –ø—Ä–∏ –ø–æ–º–æ—â–∏ –∫–æ–Ω—á–∏–∫–∞ –ø–æ–≤–æ–¥–∫–∞. –î–ª—è —ç—Ç–æ–≥–æ –ø–µ—Ä–µ–¥ —Ç–µ–º –∫–∞–∫ –Ω–∞–¥–µ—Ç—å –±—É—Å–∏–Ω–∫—É –Ω–∞ –∂–∞–ª–æ –∫—Ä—é—á–∫–∞ –≤ –Ω–µ–µ –ø—Ä–æ–¥–µ–≤–∞—é—Ç –∫–æ–Ω—á–∏–∫ –ø–æ–≤–æ–¥–∫–∞, –ø–æ—Ç–æ–º –Ω–∞–¥–µ–≤–∞—é—Ç –µ–µ –Ω–∞ –∂–∞–ª–æ –∫—Ä—é—á–∫–∞ –∏ –¥–∞–ª—å—à–µ –ø—Ä–æ—Ç–∞—Å–∫–∏–≤–∞—é—Ç –Ω–∞ —Ü–µ–≤—å–µ. –¢–∞–∫ –∂–µ –Ω–∞–¥–µ–≤–∞—é—Ç –≤—Ç–æ—Ä—É—é –∏ —Ç—Ä–µ—Ç—å—é –±—É—Å–∏–Ω–∫–∏. –û—Å–∞–¥–∏–≤ —É–∑–µ–ª –ø–æ–≤–æ–¥–∫–∞ –¥–æ –∫–æ–ª–µ—á–∫–∞ –ª–æ–ø–∞—Ç–æ—á–∫–∏, –∞ —Å –Ω–∏–º –∏ –±—É—Å–∏–Ω–∫–∏, —É–∫–æ—Ä–∞—á–∏–≤–∞—é—Ç –∫–æ–Ω—á–∏–∫ –ø–æ–≤–æ–¥–∫–∞, –æ—Å—Ç–∞–≤–ª—è—è –Ω–µ –±–æ–ª–µ–µ 1 —Å–º, –∏ –∑–∞—Ç–µ–º —Å–ø–∏—á–∫–æ–π –ø—Ä–∏–∂–∏–≥–∞—é—Ç –µ–≥–æ. –ñ–∏–ª–∫–∞ –ø–ª–∞–≤–∏—Ç—Å—è –∏ –∑–∞–∫—Ä–µ–ø–ª—è–µ—Ç –≤–µ—Ä—Ö–Ω—é—é –±—É—Å–∏–Ω–∫—É. –†–µ–∫–æ–º–µ–Ω–¥—É–µ—Ç—Å—è –æ–¥–Ω—É –±–µ–ª—É—é –±—É—Å–∏–Ω–∫—É –Ω–∞–¥–µ—Ç—å –Ω–∞ –∫—Ä—é—á–æ–∫ —Å–≤–æ–±–æ–¥–Ω–æ. –°—á–∏—Ç–∞–µ—Ç—Å—è, —á—Ç–æ —ç—Ç–∏–º –ø—Ä–∏–µ–º–æ–º —É–ª—É—á—à–∞–µ—Ç—Å—è –∫–ª–µ–≤. –ö–æ–≥–¥–∞ –ø—Ä–∏–≥–æ—Ç–æ–≤–ª–µ–Ω—ã –≤—Å–µ –∫—Ä—é—á–∫–∏, –∏—Ö –ø—Ä–∏–≤—è–∑—ã–≤–∞—é—Ç –∫ —Å—Ç–∞–≤–∫–µ –≤—ã–±—Ä–∞–Ω–Ω–æ–π —Ç–æ–ª—â–∏–Ω—ã. –ü—Ä–∞–∫—Ç–∏–∫–∞ –ø–æ–∫–∞–∑–∞–ª–∞, —á—Ç–æ –∑–∞—Å–ª—É–∂–∏–≤–∞—é—Ç –≤–Ω–∏–º–∞–Ω–∏—è –¥–≤–∞ —Å–ø–æ—Å–æ–±–∞ –ø—Ä–∏–≤—è–∑—ã–≤–∞–Ω–∏—è –∫—Ä—é—á–∫–æ–≤. –¢–µ—Ö–Ω–∏–∫–∞ –ø—Ä–∏–≤—è–∑—ã–≤–∞–Ω–∏—è –ø–µ—Ä–≤—ã–º —Å–ø–æ—Å–æ–±–æ–º –æ—á–µ–Ω—å –ø—Ä–æ—Å—Ç–∞: –Ω–∞ —Å—Ç–∞–≤–∫–µ –¥–µ–ª–∞—é—Ç —Ç—Ä–∏ –ø–µ—Ç–ª–∏, –Ω–∞–∫–ª–∞–¥—ã–≤–∞—è –æ–¥–Ω—É –Ω–∞ –¥—Ä—É–≥—É—é —Å–ø—Ä–∞–≤–∞ –Ω–∞–ª–µ–≤–æ –∏ –ø—Ä–∏–∂–∏–º–∞—è –±–æ–ª—å—à–∏–º –ø–∞–ª—å—Ü–µ–º –ª–µ–≤–æ–π —Ä—É–∫–∏ –∏—Ö —Å—Ç—ã–∫. –í –æ–±—Ä–∞–∑–æ–≤–∞–≤—à—É—é—Å—è —Ç—Ä–æ–π–Ω—É—é –ø–µ—Ç–ª—é –≤–≤–æ–¥—è—Ç –ø–æ–≤–æ–¥–æ–∫ —Ç–∞–∫, —á—Ç–æ–±—ã —É–∑–µ–ª –≤—ã—à–µ–ª –Ω–∞—Ä—É–∂—É. –ü–æ—Å–ª–µ —ç—Ç–æ–≥–æ –∑–∞—Ç—è–≥–∏–≤–∞—é—Ç –ø–µ—Ç–ª–∏, –∫—Ä–µ–ø–∫–æ –æ–±–∂–∏–º–∞—è –∏—Ö. –ó–∞—Ç–µ–º –≤—ã—Ç—è–≥–∏–≤–∞—é—Ç –ø–æ–≤–æ–¥–æ–∫ –¥–æ —Å–∞–º–æ–≥–æ —É–∑–ª–∞.

–í—Ç–æ—Ä–æ–π —Å–ø–æ—Å–æ–±: –¥–µ–ª–∞—é—Ç—Å—è –¥–≤–µ –ø–µ—Ç–ª–∏ –∏ —Å–∫–ª–∞–¥—ã–≤–∞—é—Ç—Å—è. –ü–æ—Å–ª–µ —ç—Ç–æ–≥–æ —É–∑–µ–ª–æ–∫ –ø–æ–≤–æ–¥–∫–∞ –ø—Ä–æ–¥–µ–≤–∞–µ—Ç—Å—è —á–µ—Ä–µ–∑ –ø–µ—Ç–ª–∏ “–∫–æ—Ä–∑–∏–Ω–æ—á–∫–æ–π” (—Å–≤–µ—Ä—Ö—É, —Å–Ω–∏–∑—É, –æ–ø—è—Ç—å —Å–≤–µ—Ä—Ö—É –∏ —Å–Ω–∏–∑—É) —Ç–∞–∫, —á—Ç–æ–±—ã —É–∑–µ–ª–æ–∫ –≤—ã—à–µ–ª –∏–∑-–∑–∞ –ø–µ—Ç–ª–∏. –ó–∞—Ç–µ–º –∫—Ä–µ–ø–∫–æ –∑–∞—Ç—è–≥–∏–≤–∞—é—Ç –ø–µ—Ç–ª–∏ –∏ –æ–±—Ç—è–≥–∏–≤–∞—é—Ç –ø–æ–≤–æ–¥–æ–∫ –¥–æ —É–∑–ª–∞. –¢–∞–∫–∏–µ —É–∑–ª—ã –Ω–µ –ø–µ—Ä–µ–≥–∏–±–∞—é—Ç –∂–∏–ª–∫—É –∏ –Ω–µ –¥–∞—é—Ç –ø—Ä–∏–≤—è–∑–∞–Ω–Ω–æ–º—É –∫—Ä—é—á–∫—É —Å–º–µ—â–∞—Ç—å—Å—è. –í—Ç–æ—Ä–æ–π —Å–ø–æ—Å–æ–± –∏–º–µ–µ—Ç –Ω–µ–∫–æ—Ç–æ—Ä–æ–µ –ø—Ä–µ–∏–º—É—â–µ—Å—Ç–≤–æ, —Ç–∞–∫ –∫–∞–∫ –ø–æ–ª—É—á–∞–µ—Ç—Å—è —É–∑–µ–ª –Ω–µ—Å–∫–æ–ª—å–∫–æ –º–µ–Ω—å—à–µ–≥–æ —Ä–∞–∑–º–µ—Ä–∞, —á—Ç–æ –ø—Ä–∏ —Å–ª–∞–±–æ–º –∫–ª–µ–≤–µ –∏–º–µ–µ—Ç –∑–Ω–∞—á–µ–Ω–∏–µ. –ü–µ—Ä–≤—ã–π –∫—Ä—é—á–æ–∫ –ø—Ä–∏–≤—è–∑—ã–≤–∞–µ—Ç—Å—è –Ω–∞ 10 —Å–º –≤—ã—à–µ –≥—Ä—É–∑–∞, —Å–ª–µ–¥—É—é—â–∏–π –∫—Ä—é—á–æ–∫ – –Ω–∞ 15-20 —Å–º, –∏ —Ç–∞–∫ –¥–æ —Å–∞–º–æ–≥–æ –≤–µ—Ä—Ö–∞. –ù–∞ —Ä–∞—Å—Å—Ç–æ—è–Ω–∏–∏ 10-12 —Å–º –≤—ã—à–µ –ø–æ—Å–ª–µ–¥–Ω–µ–≥–æ –∫—Ä—é—á–∫–∞ –ø—Ä–∏–≤—è–∑—ã–≤–∞–µ—Ç—Å—è –∫–∞—Ä–∞–±–∏–Ω –∏–ª–∏ –ø–µ—Ç–µ–ª—å–∫–∞. –†–µ–∫–æ–º–µ–Ω–¥—É–µ—Ç—Å—è –∫–∞—Ä–∞–±–∏–Ω –∏ –ø–µ—Ç–µ–ª—å–∫–∏ –¥–µ–ª–∞—Ç—å –∏–∑ –º–µ–¥–Ω–æ–π –∏–ª–∏ –ª–∞—Ç—É–Ω–Ω–æ–π –ø—Ä–æ–≤–æ–ª–æ–∫–∏. –û–ø—Ä–µ–¥–µ–ª–µ–Ω–Ω—ã–π –ø–æ—Ä—è–¥–æ–∫ —á–µ—Ä–µ–¥–æ–≤–∞–Ω–∏—è —Ü–≤–µ—Ç–æ–≤ –∏–ª–∏ —Å–ø–æ—Å–æ–±–æ–≤ —É–∫—Ä–∞—à–µ–Ω–∏—è –∫—Ä—é—á–∫–æ–≤ —É—Å—Ç–∞–Ω–∞–≤–ª–∏–≤–∞—Ç—å –Ω–µ–ª—å–∑—è, –Ω–æ –ª—É—á—à–µ —Ä–∞–∑–º–µ—â–∞—Ç—å –∏—Ö –ø–æ —Å—Ç–∞–≤–∫–µ –≤ —Ä–∞–∑–±–∏–≤–∫—É. –î–ª–∏–Ω–∞ —Å—Ç–∞–≤–∫–∏ –∑–∞–≤–∏—Å–∏—Ç –æ—Ç –∫–æ–ª–∏—á–µ—Å—Ç–≤–∞ –∫—Ä—é—á–∫–æ–≤ –∏ –æ—Ç —Ä–∞—Å—Å—Ç–æ—è–Ω–∏–π –º–µ–∂–¥—É –Ω–∏–º–∏. –ù–∞–ø—Ä–∏–º–µ—Ä, –ø—Ä–∏ —Å—Ç–∞–≤–∫–µ —Å —à–µ—Å—Ç—å—é –∫—Ä—é—á–∫–∞–º–∏ –Ω–∞ –∏–Ω—Ç–µ—Ä–≤–∞–ª–∞—Ö 15 —Å–º –¥–ª–∏–Ω–∞ —Å—Ç–∞–≤–∫–∏ –±—É–¥–µ—Ç: 15 * (6 – 1) + 10 + 12 = 97 —Å–º. –ú–µ–ª–∫–∏–µ –∫—Ä—é—á–∫–∏ –º–æ–∂–Ω–æ –ø—Ä–∏–≤—è–∑—ã–≤–∞—Ç—å –Ω–∞ —Ä–∞—Å—Å—Ç–æ—è–Ω–∏–∏ 10-12 —Å–º.

–ï—Å–ª–∏ –ª–æ–≤–∏—Ç—å –º–µ–ª–∫—É—é —Å—Ç–∞–≤—Ä–∏–¥—É, —Å–µ–ª—å–¥—å –∏–ª–∏ —Å–∫—É–º–±—Ä–∏—é, –º–æ–∂–Ω–æ —Ä–∞—Å—Å—á–∏—Ç—ã–≤–∞—Ç—å –Ω–∞ –≤–µ—Å –æ–¥–Ω–æ–π —Ä—ã–±—ã –≤ —Å—Ä–µ–¥–Ω–µ–º 150 –≥. –°–ª–µ–¥–æ–≤–∞—Ç–µ–ª—å–Ω–æ, –µ—Å–ª–∏ –∏–º–µ—Ç—å —Å—Ç–∞–≤–∫—É —Ç–æ–ª—â–∏–Ω–æ–π 0,15 –º–º –∏ –≤–µ—Å –≥—Ä—É–∑–∞ 100 –≥, —Ç–æ —Å—Ä–µ–¥–Ω—è—è –Ω–∞–≥—Ä—É–∑–∫–∞ –±—É–¥–µ—Ç 1,3 –∫–≥. –í—ã—á—Ç—è –≤–µ—Å –≥—Ä—É–∑–∞ (1,2 –∫–≥), –º–æ–∂–Ω–æ –ø–æ—Å—Ç–∞–≤–∏—Ç—å 8 –∫—Ä—é—á–∫–æ–≤, –Ω–æ —Ä–µ–∫–æ–º–µ–Ω–¥—É–µ—Ç—Å—è —Å—Ç–∞–≤–∏—Ç—å –Ω–µ –±–æ–ª–µ–µ —à–µ—Å—Ç–∏. –ü—Ä–∏ —Å—Ç–∞–≤–∫–µ –∂–µ —Ç–æ–ª—â–∏–Ω–æ–π 0,2 –º–º –º–æ–∂–Ω–æ –¥–æ–≤–µ—Å—Ç–∏ —á–∏—Å–ª–æ –∫—Ä—é—á–∫–æ–≤ –¥–æ 10. –§–æ—Ä–º–∞ –≥—Ä—É–∑–∞ –º–æ–∂–µ—Ç –±—ã—Ç—å –ª—é–±–æ–π. –û–±—ã—á–Ω–æ –≥—Ä—É–∑—ã –¥–µ–ª–∞—é—Ç –æ–±—Ç–µ–∫–∞–µ–º—ã–º–∏ (–≤ –≤–∏–¥–µ –∫–∞–ø–ª–∏), –≤–µ—Ä–µ—Ç–µ–Ω–æ–æ–±—Ä–∞–∑–Ω—ã–º–∏ –∏–ª–∏ –≤ –≤–∏–¥–µ –∫—É–±–∏–∫–∞. –í–µ—Å –≥—Ä—É–∑–∞ –∏–º–µ–µ—Ç –±–æ–ª—å—à–æ–µ –∑–Ω–∞—á–µ–Ω–∏–µ, —Ç–∞–∫ –∫–∞–∫ –º–µ–¥–ª–µ–Ω–Ω–æ–µ –æ–ø—É—Å–∫–∞–Ω–∏–µ –∫—Ä—é—á–∫–æ–≤ –Ω–µ —Å–ø–æ—Å–æ–±—Å—Ç–≤—É–µ—Ç —Ö–æ—Ä–æ—à–µ–º—É –∫–ª–µ–≤—É —Ä—ã–±—ã. –ë—ã—Å—Ç—Ä–æ–µ –æ–ø—É—Å–∫–∞–Ω–∏–µ –∫—Ä—é—á–∫–æ–≤ –≤—ã–≥–æ–¥–Ω–µ–µ, —Ç–∞–∫ –∫–∞–∫ –ø—Ä–∏ —ç—Ç–æ–º —Å–∏–ª—å–Ω–µ–µ –ø—Ä–∏–≤–ª–µ–∫–∞–µ—Ç—Å—è –≤–Ω–∏–º–∞–Ω–∏–µ —Ä—ã–±—ã, –∏ –µ—Å–ª–∏ –æ–Ω–∞ —Å—Ö–≤–∞—Ç–∏—Ç –∫—Ä—é—á–æ–∫ –∏–ª–∏ –ø–æ–¥–≤–µ—Ä–Ω–µ—Ç—Å—è –ø–æ–¥ –Ω–µ–≥–æ, —Ç–æ –≥—Ä—É–∑ –Ω–∞–¥–µ–∂–Ω–æ –µ–µ –∑–∞—Å–µ—á–µ—Ç; –∫—Ä–æ–º–µ —Ç–æ–≥–æ, –±—ã—Å—Ç—Ä–æ–µ –æ–ø—É—Å–∫–∞–Ω–∏–µ –∫—Ä—é—á–∫–æ–≤ —Å–æ–∑–¥–∞–µ—Ç —ç–∫–æ–Ω–æ–º–∏—é –≤—Ä–µ–º–µ–Ω–∏. –û–¥–Ω–∞–∫–æ –Ω–µ–ª—å–∑—è —Å–ª–∏—à–∫–æ–º —É–≤–ª–µ–∫–∞—Ç—å—Å—è —É—Ç—è–∂–µ–ª–µ–Ω–∏–µ–º –≥—Ä—É–∑–∞, —Ç–∞–∫ –∫–∞–∫ –≤–µ—Å –µ–≥–æ –≤—Ö–æ–¥–∏—Ç –≤ –æ–±—â–∏–π –≤–µ—Å —Å—Ç–∞–≤–∫–∏ –∏ –∫–æ–≥–¥–∞ –æ–Ω–∞ –Ω–∞–≥—Ä—É–∂–µ–Ω–∞ —Ä—ã–±–æ–π, —Ç–æ —ç—Ç–æ —á—É–≤—Å—Ç–≤–∏—Ç–µ–ª—å–Ω–æ. –í–æ –≤—Ä–µ–º—è —Ä–µ–∑–∫–æ–π –ø–æ–¥—Å–µ—á–∫–∏ –≥—Ä—É–∑ —è–≤–ª—è–µ—Ç—Å—è –æ—Å–Ω–æ–≤–Ω–æ–π –ø—Ä–∏—á–∏–Ω–æ–π –æ–±—Ä—ã–≤–æ–≤ —Å—Ç–∞–≤–∫–∏.

–î–ª—è –ª–µ–≥–∫–æ–π –ª–æ–≤–ª–∏ —Å –ª–µ—Å–∫–æ–π 0,25-0,3 –º–º –Ω—É–∂–Ω–æ –¥–æ–≤–æ–ª—å—Å—Ç–≤–æ–≤–∞—Ç—å—Å—è –≥—Ä—É–∑–æ–º 60-80 –≥ –∏ —Ç–æ–ª—å–∫–æ –≤ —Å–ª—É—á–∞–µ –ª–æ–≤–ª–∏ –Ω–∞ –≥–ª—É–±–∏–Ω–µ –±–æ–ª—å—à–µ 40 –º –∏–ª–∏ –ø—Ä–∏ —Å–∏–ª—å–Ω–æ–º —Ç–µ—á–µ–Ω–∏–∏ –Ω—É–∂–Ω–æ –¥–æ–≤–æ–¥–∏—Ç—å –≥—Ä—É–∑ –¥–æ 100 –≥. –ü—Ä–∏ —Ç—è–∂–µ–ª–æ–π –ª–æ–≤–ª–µ –∏ –ª–æ–≤–ª–µ –Ω–∞ –±–æ–ª—å—à–∏—Ö –≥–ª—É–±–∏–Ω–∞—Ö (–ø—Ä–∏ –ª–µ—Å–∫–µ 0,5-0,6 –º–º) –≤–µ—Å –≥—Ä—É–∑–∞ –Ω—É–∂–Ω–æ –¥–æ–≤–æ–¥–∏—Ç—å –¥–æ 200 –≥. –ë–æ–ª—å—à–æ–µ –∑–Ω–∞—á–µ–Ω–∏–µ –ø—Ä–∏ –≤—ã–±–æ—Ä–µ –≥—Ä—É–∑–∞ –∏–º–µ–µ—Ç —Å–ø–æ—Å–æ–± –ø—Ä–∏–º–µ–Ω–µ–Ω–∏—è —Å–∞–º–æ–¥—É—Ä–∞. –ü—Ä–∏–º–µ–Ω—è—è –≤ –º–µ—Ä—É –≥–∏–±–∫–æ–µ —É–¥–∏–ª–∏—â–µ, –º–æ–∂–Ω–æ –≥—Ä—É–∑ —É–≤–µ–ª–∏—á–∏–≤–∞—Ç—å, —Ç–∞–∫ –∫–∞–∫ —Ä–µ–∑–∫–æ—Å—Ç—å —Ä—ã–≤–∫–∞ —Å–º—è–≥—á–∞–µ—Ç—Å—è –≥–∏–±–∫–æ—Å—Ç—å—é —É–¥–∏–ª–∏—â–∞. –ï—Å–ª–∏ –ª–æ–≤–ª—è –ø—Ä–æ–∏–∑–≤–æ–¥–∏—Ç—Å—è –±–µ–∑ —É–¥–∏–ª–∏—â–∞ –∏–ª–∏ –≤–º–µ—Å—Ç–æ —É–¥–∏–ª–∏—â–∞ –≤–∑—è—Ç–∞ –ø–∞–ª–∫–∞, —Ç–æ —Ä–µ–∑–∫–æ—Å—Ç—å —Ä—ã–≤–∫–∞ —Å–º—è–≥—á–∞–µ—Ç—Å—è —Ç–æ–ª—å–∫–æ —ç–ª–∞—Å—Ç–∏—á–Ω–æ—Å—Ç—å—é –ª–µ—Å–∫–∏; –∞ —ç—Ç–æ–≥–æ –Ω–µ–¥–æ—Å—Ç–∞—Ç–æ—á–Ω–æ –¥–ª—è —Ç–æ–≥–æ, —á—Ç–æ–±—ã –ø—Ä–µ–¥–æ—Ç–≤—Ä–∞—Ç–∏—Ç—å –≤–æ–∑–Ω–∏–∫–Ω–æ–≤–µ–Ω–∏–µ –ø—Ä–µ–¥–µ–ª—å–Ω—ã—Ö –Ω–∞–ø—Ä—è–∂–µ–Ω–∏–π. –í–æ –≤—Ä–µ–º—è –ª–æ–≤–ª–∏ —Å —Ä—É–∫–∏ –Ω—É–∂–Ω–æ —É—á–∏—Ç—ã–≤–∞—Ç—å –ø—Ä–æ—á–Ω–æ—Å—Ç—å –∂–∏–ª–∫–∏ –ø—Ä–∏ —Ä—ã–≤–∫–µ: —Å–∏–ª—É —Ä—ã–≤–∫–∞ —Å–ª–µ–¥—É–µ—Ç —Å—á–∏—Ç–∞—Ç—å –≤ 2 —Ä–∞–∑–∞ –±–æ–ª—å—à–µ–π –≤–µ—Å–∞ –≥—Ä—É–∑–∞; –µ—Å–ª–∏ –∂–µ –¥–µ—Ä–≥–∞—Ç—å –æ—Å–æ–±–µ–Ω–Ω–æ –≥—Ä—É–±–æ, —Ç–æ –≤ 3-4 —Ä–∞–∑–∞ –±–æ–ª—å—à–µ.

–†—ã–±–æ–ª–æ–≤—ã –ø–æ —Å—Ç–∞—Ä–∏–Ω–∫–µ —Å—Ç–∞–≤—è—Ç –∫—Ä—é—á–∫–∏ –∂–∞–ª–æ–º –≤–≤–µ—Ä—Ö, –Ω–µ –∑–∞–¥—É–º—ã–≤–∞—è—Å—å, –Ω–∞—Å–∫–æ–ª—å–∫–æ —ç—Ç–æ –ø—Ä–∞–≤–∏–ª—å–Ω–æ –∏ –∫–∞–∫–æ–µ –≤–ª–∏—è–Ω–∏–µ –∏–º–µ–µ—Ç –Ω–∞ —Å—Ö–æ–¥—ã —Ä—ã–±—ã. –ó–∞–º–µ—á–µ–Ω–æ, —á—Ç–æ, –Ω–∞–ø—Ä–∏–º–µ—Ä, —Å—Ç–∞–≤—Ä–∏–¥–∞ –ø–æ—á—Ç–∏ –≤—Å–µ–≥–¥–∞ –±–µ—Ä–µ—Ç, –∫–æ–≥–¥–∞ –∫—Ä—é—á–∫–∏ –æ–ø—É—Å–∫–∞—é—Ç—Å—è (—Ç–æ–≥–¥–∞ —Ä—ã–±–∞ –∑–∞—Å–µ–∫–∞–µ—Ç—Å—è –≥—Ä—É–∑–æ–º). –í —ç—Ç–æ–º —Å–ª—É—á–∞–µ –∂–∞–ª–∞ –∫—Ä—é—á–∫–æ–≤, –∫–æ–Ω–µ—á–Ω–æ, –¥–æ–ª–∂–Ω—ã –±—ã—Ç—å –æ–±—Ä–∞—â–µ–Ω—ã –∫ –≥—Ä—É–∑—É, —Ç–∞–∫ –∫–∞–∫ –æ–Ω –±—É–¥–µ—Ç —Ö–æ—Ä–æ—à–æ –∑–∞—Å–µ–∫–∞—Ç—å —Ä—ã–±—É; –ø—Ä–∏ –¥—Ä—É–≥–æ–º –ø–æ–ª–æ–∂–µ–Ω–∏–∏ –∫—Ä—é—á–∫–∞ –≥—Ä—É–∑ –±—É–¥–µ—Ç –≤—ã—Ä—ã–≤–∞—Ç—å –∫—Ä—é—á–æ–∫ –∏–∑ –ø–∞—Å—Ç–∏ —Ä—ã–±—ã, –¥–µ–ª–∞—è —É–ø–æ—Ä –Ω–∞ –≥–ª–∞–¥–∫–∏–π –∏–∑–≥–∏–± –∫—Ä—é—á–∫–∞; –ø—Ä–∏ —ç—Ç–æ–º —Ä—ã–±–∞ –∑–∞—Å–µ–∫–∞–µ—Ç—Å—è —Å–ª–∞–±–æ. –°–∫–∞–∑–∞–Ω–Ω–æ–µ –≤—ã—à–µ –æ—Ç–Ω–æ—Å–∏—Ç—Å—è —Ç–æ–ª—å–∫–æ –∫ –∑–∞—Å–µ—á–∫–µ —Ä—ã–±—ã –≥—Ä—É–∑–æ–º (–∫–æ–≥–¥–∞ —Å–∞–º–æ–¥—É—Ä –ø–æ–≥—Ä—É–∂–∞–µ—Ç—Å—è) –∏ –∫ –∑–∞—Å–µ—á–∫–µ —Ä—ã–±—ã –ø–æ–¥—Å–µ—á–∫–æ–π (–∫–æ–≥–¥–∞ —Å–∞–º–æ–¥—É—Ä –∏–¥–µ—Ç –≤–≤–µ—Ä—Ö –∏–ª–∏ –Ω–∞—Ö–æ–¥–∏—Ç—Å—è –≤ –ø–æ–∫–æ–µ). –î–ª—è —Ç–æ–≥–æ —á—Ç–æ–±—ã –Ω–∞–∫–æ–ø–∏—Ç—å –ø–æ–±–æ–ª—å—à–µ –Ω–∞–±–ª—é–¥–µ–Ω–∏–π –∏ –æ–ø—ã—Ç–∞ (—á—Ç–æ –¥–∞–ª–æ –±—ã –≤–æ–∑–º–æ–∂–Ω–æ—Å—Ç—å –ø–æ–ª–æ–∂–∏—Ç–µ–ª—å–Ω–æ —Ä–µ—à–∏—Ç—å —ç—Ç–æ—Ç –≤–æ–ø—Ä–æ—Å), –ø–æ–ª–µ–∑–Ω–æ –±—ã–ª–æ –±—ã —á–∞—Å—Ç—å –∫—Ä—é—á–∫–æ–≤ —Å—Ç–∞–≤–∏—Ç—å –∂–∞–ª–æ–º –≤–≤–µ—Ä—Ö, –∞ —á–∞—Å—Ç—å – –∂–∞–ª–æ–º –≤–Ω–∏–∑.

–õ–æ–≤–ª—è –Ω–∞ —Å–∞–º–æ–¥—É—Ä –ø—Ä–æ–∏–∑–≤–æ–¥–∏—Ç—Å—è —Å –ª–æ–¥–∫–∏ –Ω–∞ –≥–ª—É–±–∏–Ω–∞—Ö –æ—Ç 10 –¥–æ 80 –º. –í –Ω–µ–∫–æ—Ç–æ—Ä—ã—Ö –ø–æ—Ä—Ç–∞—Ö –≤–æ–∑–º–æ–∂–Ω–∞ –ª–æ–≤–ª—è —Å –ø—Ä–∏—Å—Ç–∞–Ω–µ–π –∏ –º–æ–ª–æ–≤. –ú–µ—Å—Ç–∞ —Å—Ç–æ—è–Ω–∫–∏ —Ä—ã–±—ã —Å–ª–µ–¥—É–µ—Ç –∏—Å–∫–∞—Ç—å —Ç–∞–º, –≥–¥–µ –¥–Ω–æ –∏–∑–æ–±–∏–ª—É–µ—Ç —Ä–∞—Å—Ç–∏—Ç–µ–ª—å–Ω–æ—Å—Ç—å—é, –∫—Ä—É–ø–Ω—ã–º–∏ –∫–∞–º–Ω—è–º–∏ –∏–ª–∏ —Ä–µ–∑–∫–∏–º–∏ —Å–∫–ª–∞–¥–∫–∞–º–∏. –í —Ç–∞–∫–∏—Ö –º–µ—Å—Ç–∞—Ö —Ä—ã–±–∞ –¥–µ—Ä–∂–∏—Ç—Å—è –æ–∫–æ–ª–æ –ø–µ—Å—á–∞–Ω—ã—Ö –ø–æ–ª—è–Ω–æ–∫, –≤ –ø—Ä–æ–≥–∞–ª–∏–Ω–∞—Ö –º–µ–∂–¥—É –∫–∞–º–Ω—è–º–∏ –∏ –ø–æ–¥–≤–æ–¥–Ω—ã–º–∏ —Å–∫–∞–ª–∞–º–∏. –ü—Ä–∏ —Ä–æ–≤–Ω–æ–º –¥–Ω–µ —Ä—ã–±—É –ø—Ä–∏–≤–ª–µ–∫–∞—é—Ç —è–º—ã, –æ–∫–æ–ª–æ –∫–æ—Ç–æ—Ä—ã—Ö –æ–Ω–∞ –Ω–∞—Ö–æ–¥–∏—Ç —Å–µ–±–µ –ø–∏—â—É. –í–æ–æ–±—â–µ –Ω—É–∂–Ω–æ —É—Å–≤–æ–∏—Ç—å –ø—Ä–∞–≤–∏–ª–æ, —á—Ç–æ —Ä—ã–±—É –Ω—É–∂–Ω–æ –∏—Å–∫–∞—Ç—å. –ü–æ–ª–µ–∑–Ω–æ –∏–º–µ—Ç—å —Å —Å–æ–±–æ–π —è–∫–æ—Ä—å –∏ –≤–µ—Ä–µ–≤–∫—É 60-80 –º –¥–ª–∏–Ω–æ–π. –Ø–∫–æ—Ä—å –º–æ–∂–Ω–æ —Å–¥–µ–ª–∞—Ç—å –∏–∑ —Å—Ç–∞—Ä–æ–≥–æ –≤–µ–¥—Ä–∞ –±–µ–∑ –¥–Ω–∞, –≤–º–µ—Å—Ç–æ –∫–æ—Ç–æ—Ä–æ–≥–æ –¥–µ–ª–∞–µ—Ç—Å—è –ø–µ—Ä–µ–ø–ª–µ—Ç –∏–∑ –ø—Ä–æ–≤–æ–ª–æ–∫–∏. –í –≤–µ–¥—Ä–æ –∫–ª–∞–¥—É—Ç –¥–≤–∞ – —Ç—Ä–∏ –∫–∞–º–Ω—è (–ø—Ä–∏–º–µ—Ä–Ω–æ –ø–æ 3 –∫–≥) –∏ —Å–ø—É—Å–∫–∞—é—Ç –µ–≥–æ –Ω–∞ –¥–Ω–æ. –õ–æ–¥–∫—É –≤—Å–µ–≥–¥–∞ —Ö–æ—Ç—å –Ω–µ–º–Ω–æ–≥–æ —Å–Ω–æ—Å–∏—Ç, –ø—Ä–∏ —ç—Ç–æ–º –≤–µ–¥—Ä–æ –æ–ø—Ä–æ–∫–∏–Ω–µ—Ç—Å—è –Ω–∞ –±–æ–∫ –∏ –∑–∞—Ü–µ–ø–∏—Ç—Å—è –∑–∞ –≥—Ä—É–Ω—Ç (–∏–ª, –ø–µ—Å–æ–∫). –ü—Ä–∏ –º—è–≥–∫–æ–º –¥–Ω–µ –æ–Ω–æ –∑–∞—Ä–æ–µ—Ç—Å—è –≤ –≥—Ä—É–Ω—Ç, –∞ –ø—Ä–∏ –∫–∞–º–µ–Ω–∏—Å—Ç–æ–º – –∑–∞—Ü–µ–ø–∏—Ç—Å—è –∑–∞ –±–æ–ª—å—à–∏–µ –∫–∞–º–Ω–∏ –∏ —Ö–æ—Ä–æ—à–æ –¥–µ—Ä–∂–∏—Ç –ª–æ–¥–∫—É. –ü–æ –æ–∫–æ–Ω—á–∞–Ω–∏–∏ –ª–æ–≤–ª–∏ –ø–æ–¥–Ω–∏–º–∞—é—Ç –≤–µ–¥—Ä–æ –∏ –≤—ã–±—Ä–∞—Å—ã–≤–∞—é—Ç –∫–∞–º–Ω–∏. –ü—É—Å—Ç–æ–µ –≤–µ–¥—Ä–æ –¥–æ—Å—Ç–∞—Ç–æ—á–Ω–æ –ª–µ–≥–∫–æ–µ –∏, –∫—Ä–æ–º–µ —Ç–æ–≥–æ, —É–¥–æ–±–Ω–æ –¥–ª—è –ø–µ—Ä–µ–Ω–æ—Å–∫–∏ —Ä—ã–±—ã.

–ù–∞–π–¥—è –ø–æ–¥—Ö–æ–¥—è—â–µ–µ –º–µ—Å—Ç–æ –¥–ª—è –ª–æ–≤–ª–∏, –æ—Å—Ç–∞–Ω–∞–≤–ª–∏–≤–∞—é—Ç –ª–æ–¥–∫—É –∏ —Å–ø—É—Å–∫–∞—é—Ç —Å–∞–º–æ–¥—É—Ä—ã –¥–æ –¥–Ω–∞. –†–µ–∫–æ–º–µ–Ω–¥—É–µ—Ç—Å—è –ø–æ–ø—É—Ç–Ω–æ —Å –ø–æ–∏—Å–∫–æ–º —Ä—ã–±—ã –∏–∑—É—á–∞—Ç—å —Ä–µ–ª—å–µ—Ñ –¥–Ω–∞, –æ—Ä–∏–µ–Ω—Ç–∏—Ä—É—è—Å—å –ø–æ –±—É–π–∫–∞–º —Å–µ—Ç–µ–π —Ä—ã–±–∞–∫–æ–≤, –ø–æ –±–µ—Ä–µ–≥–æ–≤—ã–º –ø—Ä–µ–¥–º–µ—Ç–∞–º –∏ –ø—Ä. –ï—Å–ª–∏ –≤ —Ç–æ–º –∏–ª–∏ –∏–Ω–æ–º –º–µ—Å—Ç–µ –µ—Å—Ç—å —Ä—ã–±–∞, —Ç–æ –æ–Ω–∞ —Å—Ä–∞–∑—É –≤–æ–∑—å–º–µ—Ç –∏ –≤—ã –ø–æ—á—É–≤—Å—Ç–≤—É–µ—Ç–µ –¥–æ–≤–æ–ª—å–Ω–æ —Å–ª–∞–±–æ–µ –ø–æ—Å—Ç—É–∫–∏–≤–∞–Ω–∏–µ –ø–æ –ª–µ—Å–∫–µ –∏–ª–∏ –≤–æ –≤—Ä–µ–º—è –æ–ø—É—Å–∫–∞–Ω–∏—è –≥—Ä—É–∑–∞ –ª–µ—Å–∫–∞ –≤–¥—Ä—É–≥ –æ—Å–ª–∞–±–Ω–µ—Ç, –∫–æ–≥–¥–∞ –≥—Ä—É–∑ –µ—â–µ –Ω–µ –¥–æ—à–µ–ª –¥–æ –¥–Ω–∞. –í —ç—Ç–æ–º —Å–ª—É—á–∞–µ —Å–µ–π—á–∞—Å –∂–µ –Ω—É–∂–Ω–æ –≤—ã–±–∏—Ä–∞—Ç—å —Å–∞–º–æ–¥—É—Ä, —Ç–∞–∫ –∫–∞–∫ –Ω–∞ –∫—Ä—é—á–∫–∞—Ö —Å–∏–¥–∏—Ç —Ä—ã–±–∞. –ö—Ç–æ —Ä–∞–±–æ—Ç–∞–µ—Ç —Å –∫–∞—Ç—É—à–∫–æ–π –∏ —É–¥–∏–ª–∏—â–µ–º, —Ç–æ–º—É –Ω—É–∂–Ω–æ —Ä–µ–∫–æ–º–µ–Ω–¥–æ–≤–∞—Ç—å –Ω–µ –æ—á–µ–Ω—å —Ç–æ—Ä–æ–ø–∏—Ç—å—Å—è —Å –ø–æ–¥–º–æ—Ç–∫–æ–π, —Ç–∞–∫ –∫–∞–∫ –ø—Ä–∏ –±—ã—Å—Ç—Ä–æ–π –ø–æ–¥–º–æ—Ç–∫–µ –º–æ–∂–Ω–æ –æ–±–æ—Ä–≤–∞—Ç—å –≥—É–±—É –∏ –ø–æ—Ç–µ—Ä—è—Ç—å —Ä—ã–±—É. –ï—Å–ª–∏ –ª–æ–≤–ª—è –ø—Ä–æ–∏–∑–≤–æ–¥–∏—Ç—Å—è —Å –º–æ—Ç–æ–≤–∏–ª—å—Ü–∞ –∏–ª–∏ –ø—Ä–æ—Å—Ç–æ —Å –∫—É—Å–∫–∞ —Ñ–∞–Ω–µ—Ä—ã, –Ω–∞ –∫–æ—Ç–æ—Ä—É—é –Ω–∞–º–æ—Ç–∞–Ω–∞ –ª–µ—Å–∞, —Ç–æ –Ω—É–∂–Ω–æ –ø—Ä–∏—É—á–∏—Ç—å—Å—è —Å —Å–∞–º–æ–≥–æ –Ω–∞—á–∞–ª–∞ –∞–∫–∫—É—Ä–∞—Ç–Ω–æ —Ä–∞—Å–∫–ª–∞–¥—ã–≤–∞—Ç—å –ª–µ—Å—É –ø—Ä–∞–≤–∏–ª—å–Ω—ã–º–∏ –∫—Ä—É–≥–∞–º–∏, –∞ –∫–æ–≥–¥–∞ –ø–æ–¥–æ–π–¥–µ—Ç —Å—Ç–∞–≤–∫–∞, —Ç–æ –Ω–∏ –≤ –∫–æ–µ–º —Å–ª—É—á–∞–µ –Ω–µ –∫–ª–∞—Å—Ç—å –∫—Ä—é—á–∫–∏ –Ω–∞ —É–ª–æ–∂–µ–Ω–Ω—É—é –ª–µ—Å–∫—É – –∏–Ω–∞—á–µ –≤—Å–µ –∑–∞–ø—É—Ç–∞–µ—Ç—Å—è –∏ –≤–º–µ—Å—Ç–æ –ª–æ–≤–ª–∏ –±—É–¥–µ—Ç –æ–¥–Ω–æ –º—É—á–µ–Ω—å–µ.

–ï—Å–ª–∏ –ø–æ–∫–ª–µ–≤–∫–∏ –Ω–µ –±—ã–ª–æ, —Ç–æ –Ω—É–∂–Ω–æ –ø–æ–¥–Ω—è—Ç—å –≥—Ä—É–∑ –Ω–∞ 0,5 –º (–º–æ–∂–Ω–æ –∏ –±–æ–ª—å—à–µ) –∏ —Å–Ω–æ–≤–∞ –æ–ø—É—Å—Ç–∏—Ç—å –µ–≥–æ, –∏ —Ç–∞–∫ –ø–æ–≤—Ç–æ—Ä—è—Ç—å –Ω–µ—Å–∫–æ–ª—å–∫–æ —Ä–∞–∑, –Ω–µ –æ—Å—Ç–∞–≤–ª—è—è –≥—Ä—É–∑ –≤ –ø–æ–∫–æ–µ. –ï—Å–ª–∏ –ø–æ–∫–ª–µ–≤–æ–∫ –Ω–µ –±—ã–ª–æ –≤ —Ç–µ—á–µ–Ω–∏–µ 5-6 –º–∏–Ω—É—Ç, —Ç–æ –Ω—É–∂–Ω–æ –ø–æ–¥–Ω—è—Ç—å –≥—Ä—É–∑ –ø—Ä–∏–±–ª–∏–∑–∏—Ç–µ–ª—å–Ω–æ –Ω–∞ 5 –º (20 –æ–±–æ—Ä–æ—Ç–æ–≤ –∫–∞—Ç—É—à–∫–∏) –∏ –ø–æ–¥–µ—Ä–≥–∏–≤–∞—Ç—å —Å–∞–º–æ–¥—É—Ä –≤ —Ç–µ—á–µ–Ω–∏–µ 2-3 –º–∏–Ω—É—Ç. –ï—Å–ª–∏ –ø–æ–∫–ª–µ–≤–æ–∫ –æ–ø—è—Ç—å –Ω–µ—Ç, —Ç–æ —Å–ª–µ–¥—É–µ—Ç —Å–Ω–æ–≤–∞ –ø–æ–¥–Ω—è—Ç—å –≥—Ä—É–∑ –Ω–∞ 5 –º –∏ —Ç–∞–∫ –ø—Ä–æ–¥–æ–ª–∂–∞—Ç—å –ø–æ—á—Ç–∏ –¥–æ –ø–æ–≤–µ—Ä—Ö–Ω–æ—Å—Ç–∏. –ï—Å–ª–∏ –ø—Ä–æ–∏–∑–æ—à–ª–∞ –ø–æ–∫–ª–µ–≤–∫–∞ –Ω–µ —É –¥–Ω–∞, –∞ –Ω–∞ –∫–∞–∫–æ–π-—Ç–æ –ø—Ä–æ–º–µ–∂—É—Ç–æ—á–Ω–æ–π –≥–ª—É–±–∏–Ω–µ, —Ç–æ, —Å–Ω—è–≤ —Ä—ã–±—É —Å –∫—Ä—é—á–∫–æ–≤, —Å–ø—É—Å—Ç–∏—Ç—å —Å–∞–º–æ–¥—É—Ä –Ω–∞ –¥–Ω–æ –∏ —Å–µ–π—á–∞—Å –∂–µ –ø–æ–¥–Ω—è—Ç—å –µ–≥–æ –Ω–∞ —Å—Ç–æ–ª—å–∫–æ –∂–µ –æ–±–æ—Ä–æ—Ç–æ–≤ –∫–∞—Ç—É—à–∫–∏, —Å–∫–æ–ª—å–∫–æ –±—ã–ª–æ –ø—Ä–∏ –ø–æ–∫–ª–µ–≤–∫–µ. –í —Å–ª—É—á–∞–µ –æ—Ç—Å—É—Ç—Å—Ç–≤–∏—è –ø–æ–∫–ª–µ–≤–æ–∫ –Ω–∞–¥–æ –º–µ–Ω—è—Ç—å –º–µ—Å—Ç–æ, –æ—Ç–æ–π–¥—è –æ—Ç –ø–µ—Ä–≤–æ–≥–æ –º–µ—Ç—Ä–æ–≤ –Ω–∞ 50-60. –í–æ –≤—Ä–µ–º—è –ø–µ—Ä–µ–º–µ—â–µ–Ω–∏—è –ø–æ–ª–µ–∑–Ω–æ —Ç–∞—â–∏—Ç—å –∑–∞ –ª–æ–¥–∫–æ–π —Å–∞–º–æ–¥—É—Ä, –∫–∞–∫ –¥–æ—Ä–æ–∂–∫—É: —á–∞—Å—Ç–æ —Ä—ã–±–∞ –±–µ—Ä–µ—Ç –Ω–∞ —Ö–æ–¥—É. –ö–æ–≥–¥–∞ –æ–±–Ω–∞—Ä—É–∂–∏–≤–∞–µ—Ç—Å—è, —á—Ç–æ —Ä—ã–±–∞ —Å–æ–≤—Å–µ–º –Ω–µ –±–µ—Ä–µ—Ç, –Ω—É–∂–Ω–æ –ø–æ–º–µ–Ω—è—Ç—å —Å—Ç–∞–≤–∫–∏ –Ω–∞ –±–æ–ª–µ–µ —Ç–æ–Ω–∫–∏–µ. –ï—Å–ª–∏ –∂–µ –∏ —ç—Ç–æ –Ω–µ –ø–æ–º–æ–≥–∞–µ—Ç, —Ç–æ –æ—Å—Ç–∞–µ—Ç—Å—è –æ–¥–Ω–æ: —Å–Ω—è—Ç—å—Å—è —Å —è–∫–æ—Ä—è –∏ –∏–¥—Ç–∏ –¥–æ–º–æ–π, –ø—Ä–µ–¥–≤–∞—Ä–∏—Ç–µ–ª—å–Ω–æ —É–±–µ–¥–∏–≤—à–∏—Å—å, —á—Ç–æ –∏ —É –¥—Ä—É–≥–∏—Ö —É—Å–ø–µ—Ö–∏ –Ω–µ –ª—É—á—à–µ.

–ü—Ä–∏ —Ö–æ—Ä–æ—à–µ–º –∂–æ—Ä–µ —Ç—Ä—É–¥–Ω–æ –±—ã–≤–∞–µ—Ç –ø–æ–º–µ—Ä–∏—Ç—å –≥–ª—É–±–∏–Ω—É, —Ç–∞–∫ –∫–∞–∫ —Ä—ã–±–∞ —Ü–µ–ø–ª—è–µ—Ç—Å—è –Ω–∞ –ø—Ä–æ–º–µ–∂—É—Ç–æ—á–Ω–æ–π –≥–ª—É–±–∏–Ω–µ. –í —Ç–∞–∫–∏—Ö —Å–ª—É—á–∞—è—Ö –±—ã–≤–∞—é—Ç –±–æ–≥–∞—Ç—ã–µ —É–ª–æ–≤—ã: –ø—Ä–∏ —à–µ—Å—Ç–∏ –∫—Ä—é—á–∫–∞—Ö – 6 —Ä—ã–±, –ø—Ä–∏ –¥–µ—Å—è—Ç–∏ –∫—Ä—é—á–∫–∞—Ö –∏ –±–æ–ª–µ–µ. –ü—Ä–∞–≤–∏–ª–∞ —É—Ö–æ–¥–∞ –∑–∞ —Å–Ω–∞—Å—Ç—å—é –æ—á–µ–Ω—å –ø—Ä–æ—Å—Ç—ã –∏ –≤—ã—Ç–µ–∫–∞—é—Ç –∏–∑ —Å–≤–æ–π—Å—Ç–≤ –º–æ—Ä—Å–∫–æ–π –≤–æ–¥—ã, —è–≤–ª—è—é—â–µ–π—Å—è —Ä–∞—Å—Ç–≤–æ—Ä–æ–º –Ω–µ—Å–∫–æ–ª—å–∫–∏—Ö –≤–∏–¥–æ–≤ —Å–æ–ª–µ–π, –∫–æ—Ç–æ—Ä—ã–µ —Ä–∞–∑—Ä—É—à–∞—é—â–µ –¥–µ–π—Å—Ç–≤—É—é—Ç –Ω–∞ –º–µ—Ç–∞–ª–ª—ã. –ü–æ—ç—Ç–æ–º—É, –≤–µ—Ä–Ω—É–≤—à–∏—Å—å —Å —Ä—ã–±–∞–ª–∫–∏, –Ω—É–∂–Ω–æ –≤—ã–ø–æ–ª–Ω–∏—Ç—å —Å–ª–µ–¥—É—é—â–µ–µ:

1) –ø—Ä–æ–º—ã—Ç—å —Å—Ç–∞–≤–∫—É –ø—Ä–µ—Å–Ω–æ–π –≤–æ–¥–æ–π –∏ –ø—Ä–æ—Å—É—à–∏—Ç—å –µ–µ;

2) –ª–µ—Å–∫—É –∏–∑ –∂–∏–ª–∫–∏ —Ä–∞–∑–º–æ—Ç–∞—Ç—å –≤—Å—é –∏ –Ω–∞–º–æ—Ç–∞—Ç—å –≤–Ω–æ–≤—å. –≠—Ç–æ —Ç—Ä–µ–±–æ–≤–∞–Ω–∏–µ –≤—ã—Ç–µ–∫–∞–µ—Ç –∏–∑ —Å–≤–æ–π—Å—Ç–≤–∞ –∂–∏–ª–∫–∏ –≤—ã—Ç—è–≥–∏–≤–∞—Ç—å—Å—è –ø—Ä–∏ –Ω–∞–≥—Ä—É–∑–∫–µ, –ø—Ä–∏—á–µ–º –ø—Ä–µ–¥–µ–ª—å–Ω–æ–µ —É–¥–ª–∏–Ω–µ–Ω–∏–µ –¥–æ—Ö–æ–¥–∏—Ç –¥–æ 15%. –ö–æ–≥–¥–∞ –Ω–∞–≥—Ä—É–∑–∫–∞ –Ω–∞ –ª–µ—Å–∫—É –ø—Ä–µ–∫—Ä–∞—Ç–∏—Ç—Å—è, –ª–µ—Å–∫–∞ –ø–æ—Å—Ç–µ–ø–µ–Ω–Ω–æ –ø—Ä–∏–æ–±—Ä–µ—Ç–∞–µ—Ç –ø–µ—Ä–≤–æ–Ω–∞—á–∞–ª—å–Ω—É—é –¥–ª–∏–Ω—É (—Å–∂–∏–º–∞–µ—Ç—Å—è). –°–∏–ª–∞ —Å–∂–∞—Ç–∏—è –Ω–∞—Å—Ç–æ–ª—å–∫–æ –≤–µ–ª–∏–∫–∞, —á—Ç–æ —Ä–∞–∑–¥–∞–≤–ª–∏–≤–∞–µ—Ç —Å–ø–∏–Ω–Ω–∏–Ω–≥–æ–≤—ã–µ –∫–∞—Ç—É—à–∫–∏. –ö–æ–≥–¥–∞ –ø–æ –æ–∫–æ–Ω—á–∞–Ω–∏–∏ –ª–æ–≤–ª–∏ –≤—ã–Ω–∏–º–∞—é—Ç –≥—Ä—É–∑ –∏–∑ –≤–æ–¥—ã, –ª–µ—Å–∫—É –Ω–∞–º–∞—Ç—ã–≤–∞—é—Ç –ø–æ–¥ –Ω–∞–≥—Ä—É–∑–∫–æ–π, –∞ –∫–æ–≥–¥–∞ –ª–µ—Å–∫–∞ –≤—ã—Å—ã—Ö–∞–µ—Ç, –æ–Ω–∞ —Å–∂–∏–º–∞–µ—Ç—Å—è.

–ü–æ—Ö–æ–∂–∏–µ —Å—Ç—Ä–∞–Ω–∏—Ü—ã:

1. –í—ã–±–æ—Ä –∏ –ø–æ–¥–≥–æ—Ç–æ–≤–∫–∞ –º–µ—Å—Ç–∞ –ª–æ–≤–ª–∏ —Ä—ã–±—ã
2. –í–∏–¥—ã –±–ª–µ—Å–µ–Ω –∏ —Ç–µ—Ö–Ω–∏–∫–∞ –ª–æ–≤–ª–∏ –Ω–∞ –Ω–∏—Ö
3. –†—ã–±–æ–ª–æ–≤–Ω–æ–µ —Å–Ω–∞—Ä—è–∂–µ–Ω–∏–µ –¥–ª—è –∑–∏–º–Ω–µ–π —Ä—ã–±–∞–ª–∫–∏
4. –†—ã–±–æ–ª–æ–≤–Ω–æ–µ —Å–Ω–∞—Ä—è–∂–µ–Ω–∏–µ –¥–ª—è –ª–µ—Ç–Ω–µ–π —Ä—ã–±–∞–ª–∫–∏
5. –°–ø–æ—Å–æ–±—ã –ª–æ–≤–ª–∏ —â—É–∫–∏