Краевед Самара

–í–æ–∫—Ä—É–≥ —Å–≤–µ—Ç–∞ –Ω–∞ –≤–µ–ª–æ—Å–∏–ø–µ–¥–µ

–û–ø—É–±–ª–∏–∫–æ–≤–∞–Ω–æ 29 –Ø–Ω–≤–∞—Ä—å 2012 –æ—Ç –ê–ª–µ–∫—Å

–ñ–∏—Ç–µ–ª—å –°–∞–º–∞—Ä—ã –í–ª–∞–¥–∏–º–∏—Ä –°–æ—Ä–æ–∫–∏–Ω —Ä–µ—à–∏–ª –æ—Ç–ø—Ä–∞–≤–∏—Ç—å—Å—è –≤ –∫—Ä—É–≥–æ—Å–≤–µ—Ç–Ω–æ–µ –ø—É—Ç–µ—à–µ—Å—Ç–≤–∏–µ –Ω–∞ –≤–µ–ª–æ—Å–∏–ø–µ–¥–µ. –í–ª–∞–¥–∏–º–∏—Ä –≤—ã–±—Ä–∞–ª –≤–µ–ª–æ—Å–∏–ø–µ–¥ –∫–∞–∫ —Å—Ä–µ–¥—Å—Ç–≤–æ –ø–µ—Ä–µ–¥–≤–∏–∂–µ–Ω–∏—è –Ω–∞ –¥–∞–ª—å–Ω–∏–µ —Ä–∞—Å—Å—Ç–æ—è–Ω–∏—è –Ω–µ —Å–ª—É—á–∞–π–Ω–æ. –ü–æ —Å–ª–æ–≤–∞–º 59-–ª–µ—Ç–Ω–µ–≥–æ –í–ª–∞–¥–∏–º–∏—Ä–∞, —Ç–æ–ª—å–∫–æ —Ç–∞–∫ –º–æ–∂–Ω–æ –ø–æ–∑–Ω–∞–∫–æ–º–∏—Ç—å—Å—è —Å –æ–∫—Ä—É–∂–∞—é—â–∏–º –º–∏—Ä–æ–º –∏ –ø–æ—á—É–≤—Å—Ç–≤–æ–≤–∞—Ç—å —Å–µ–±—è –ø–æ-–Ω–∞—Å—Ç–æ—è—â–µ–º—É —Å–≤–æ–±–æ–¥–Ω—ã–º. –ü–æ–Ω–∞—á–∞–ª—É –Ω–µ –±—ã–ª–æ –Ω–∏–∫–∞–∫–∏—Ö –ø—Ä–µ–¥–ø–æ—Å—ã–ª–æ–∫ –∫ —Ç–æ–º—É, —á—Ç–æ –°–æ—Ä–æ–∫–∏–Ω —Å—Ç–∞–Ω–µ—Ç –≤—Å–µ–º–∏—Ä–Ω–æ –∏–∑–≤–µ—Å—Ç–Ω—ã–º –ø—É—Ç–µ—à–µ—Å—Ç–≤–µ–Ω–Ω–∏–∫–æ–º. –°—É–¥—å–±–∞ –ø–æ –Ω–∞—á–∞–ª—É –≥–æ—Ç–æ–≤–∏–ª–∞ –µ–º—É –¥—Ä—É–≥—É—é –∂–∏–∑–Ω—å. –ï—â–µ –≤ —à–∫–æ–ª–µ –í–ª–∞–¥–∏–º–∏—Ä –Ω–∞—Ü–µ–ª–∏–≤–∞–ª—Å—è –Ω–∞ —Å–µ—Ä—å–µ–∑–Ω—É—é —Ç–µ—Ö–Ω–∏—á–µ—Å–∫—É—é –ø—Ä–æ—Ñ–µ—Å—Å–∏—é. –°–Ω–∞—á–∞–ª–∞ –±—ã–ª–∞ —à–∫–æ–ª–∞ —Å –º–∞—Ç–µ–º–∞—Ç–∏—á–µ—Å–∫–∏–º —É–∫–ª–æ–Ω–æ–º, –∞ –∑–∞—Ç–µ–º –°–∞–º–∞—Ä—Å–∫–∏–π –≥–æ—Å—É–¥–∞—Ä—Å—Ç–≤–µ–Ω–Ω—ã–π –∞—ç—Ä–æ–∫–æ—Å–º–∏—á–µ—Å–∫–∏–π —É–Ω–∏–≤–µ—Ä—Å–∏—Ç–µ—Ç –∏–º–µ–Ω–∏ –°.–ü. –ö–æ—Ä–æ–ª–µ–≤–∞. –í—ã–±–æ—Ä –≤—É–∑–∞ –æ–ø—Ä–µ–¥–µ–ª—è–ª—Å—è –ø—Ä–æ—Å—Ç–æ: –æ—Ç–µ—Ü –°–æ—Ä–æ–∫–∏–Ω–∞ –±—ã–ª –ø—Ä–æ—Ñ–µ—Å—Å–æ—Ä–æ–º –≤ —Ç–æ–º —Å–∞–º–æ–º –∏–Ω—Å—Ç–∏—Ç—É—Ç–µ. –ü–æ—Å–ª–µ –ø–æ–ª—É—á–µ–Ω–∏—è –¥–∏–ø–ª–æ–º–∞ –ø–æ—è–≤–∏–ª–∞—Å—å –ø–µ—Ä—Å–ø–µ–∫—Ç–∏–≤–∞ —Å–¥–µ–ª–∞—Ç—å –∫–∞—Ä—å–µ—Ä—É, –Ω–æ –ø–æ—Å–ª–µ —Ç—Ä–µ—Ö –ª–µ—Ç —Ä–∞–±–æ—Ç—ã –∏–Ω–∂–µ–Ω–µ—Ä–æ–º –í–ª–∞–¥–∏–º–∏—Ä —Ä–µ—à–∏–ª, —á—Ç–æ –≤—ã–±—Ä–∞–Ω–Ω—ã–π –ø—É—Ç—å –Ω–µ –¥–ª—è –Ω–µ–≥–æ. –†–µ—à–∏–≤ –∫–∞—Ä–¥–∏–Ω–∞–ª—å–Ω—ã–º –æ–±—Ä–∞–∑–æ–º –ø–æ–º–µ–Ω—è—Ç—å –∂–∏–∑–Ω—å, –æ–Ω —É–µ–∑–∂–∞–µ—Ç –≤ –ú–æ—Å–∫–≤—É, —á—Ç–æ–±—ã –Ω–∞–π—Ç–∏ —Å–µ–±–µ –ø—Ä–∏–∑–≤–∞–Ω–∏–µ –ø–æ –¥—É—à–µ. –¢–∞–º –æ–Ω –ø–æ—Å—Ç—É–ø–∞–µ—Ç –≤–æ –í–ì–ò–ö, –Ω–∞ —Ä–µ–∂–∏—Å—Å–µ—Ä—Å–∫–∏–π —Ñ–∞–∫—É–ª—å—Ç–µ—Ç, –∫–æ—Ç–æ—Ä—ã–π –≤ 1979 –≥–æ–¥—É –æ–∫–∞–Ω—á–∏–≤–∞–µ—Ç —Å –æ—Ç–ª–∏—á–∏–µ–º.

–£—á–µ–±–∞ –≤ –ú–æ—Å–∫–≤–µ –¥–ª—è –í–ª–∞–¥–∏–º–∏—Ä–∞ –°–æ—Ä–æ–∫–∏–Ω–∞ –æ–∫–∞–∑–∞–ª–∞—Å—å –æ—á–µ–Ω—å –≤–∞–∂–Ω–æ–π. –û–Ω —É–∑–Ω–∞–ª –≤—Å–µ —Ç–æ–Ω–∫–æ—Å—Ç–∏ –∫–∏–Ω–æ–º–æ–Ω—Ç–∞–∂–∞, –∫–æ—Ç–æ—Ä—ã–µ –ø–æ—Ç–æ–º –ø—Ä–∏–≥–æ–¥–∏–ª–∏—Å—å –≤ –∫—Ä—É–≥–æ—Å–≤–µ—Ç–Ω–æ–º –ø—É—Ç–µ—à–µ—Å—Ç–≤–∏–∏. –ù–æ, –≥–ª–∞–≤–Ω–æ–µ, –ø–æ–∑–Ω–∞–∫–æ–º–∏–ª—Å—è —Å–æ —Å–≤–æ–µ–π –±—É–¥—É—â–µ–π –∂–µ–Ω–æ–π – —Å—Ç—É–¥–µ–Ω—Ç–∫–æ–π –ø–µ–¥–∞–≥–æ–≥–∏—á–µ—Å–∫–æ–≥–æ –∏–Ω—Å—Ç–∏—Ç—É—Ç–∞. –õ–∏–ª–∏ –ø—Ä–∏–µ—Ö–∞–ª–∞ —É—á–∏—Ç—å—Å—è –≤ –°–°–°–† –∏–∑ –ë–æ–ª–≥–∞—Ä–∏–∏. –ü–æ—Å–ª–µ —Å–≤–∞–¥—å–±—ã –º–æ–ª–æ–¥–æ–∂–µ–Ω—ã —Ö–æ—Ç–µ–ª–∏ –æ—Å—Ç–∞—Ç—å—Å—è –≤ –†–æ—Å—Å–∏–∏, –Ω–æ –¥–µ–≤—É—à–∫–µ –∑–∞–ø—Ä–µ—Ç–∏–ª–∏ –∂–∏—Ç—å –≤ –ö—É–π–±—ã—à–µ–≤–µ. –ò —ç—Ç–æ –∫—Ä—É—Ç–æ –ø–æ–≤–µ—Ä–Ω—É–ª–æ –∂–∏–∑–Ω—å —Å–∞–º–æ–º—É –°–æ—Ä–æ–∫–∏–Ω—É. –ü—Ä–∏—à–ª–æ—Å—å –ø–æ—Å–µ–ª–∏—Ç—å—Å—è –≤ –ë–æ–ª–≥–∞—Ä–∏–∏, –≤ –°–æ—Ñ–∏–∏. –ò–º–µ–Ω–Ω–æ —Ç–∞–º –°–æ—Ä–æ–∫–∏–Ω –∫—É–ø–∏–ª –≤–µ–ª–æ—Å–∏–ø–µ–¥, –Ω–∞ –∫–æ—Ç–æ—Ä–æ–º –∏ —Å–æ–≤–µ—Ä—à–∏–ª —Å–≤–æ–µ –ø–µ—Ä–≤–æ–µ –ø—É—Ç–µ—à–µ—Å—Ç–≤–∏–µ. –ü–µ—Ä–≤–∞—è –ø–æ–µ–∑–¥–∫–∞ —á–µ—Ä–µ–∑ –ë–æ–ª–≥–∞—Ä–∏—é –ø—Ä–∏–Ω–µ—Å–ª–∞ –º–∞—Å—Å—É –Ω–æ–≤—ã—Ö –≤–ø–µ—á–∞—Ç–ª–µ–Ω–∏–π. –í —Ç–æ—Ç –º–æ–º–µ–Ω—Ç –í–ª–∞–¥–∏–º–∏—Ä –ø–æ–Ω—è–ª, —á—Ç–æ —Ç–æ–ª—å–∫–æ –≤–µ–ª–æ—Å–∏–ø–µ–¥ –º–æ–∂–µ—Ç –ø–æ–¥–∞—Ä–∏—Ç—å –Ω–∞—Å—Ç–æ—è—â–µ–µ —É–¥–æ–≤–æ–ª—å—Å—Ç–≤–∏–µ –æ—Ç –ø—É—Ç–µ—à–µ—Å—Ç–≤–∏—è. –ü—É—Ç–µ—à–µ—Å—Ç–≤—É—è –Ω–∞ –≤–µ–ª–æ—Å–∏–ø–µ–¥–µ, –º–æ–∂–Ω–æ —Ñ–æ—Ç–æ–≥—Ä–∞—Ñ–∏—Ä–æ–≤–∞—Ç—å —á—Ç–æ-–Ω–∏–±—É–¥—å –º–∞–ª–µ–Ω—å–∫–æ–µ, –Ω–∞–ø—Ä–∏–º–µ—Ä —Ö–∞–º–µ–ª–µ–æ–Ω–∞, –±–∞–±–æ—á–∫—É, —Å–∫–æ—Ä–ø–∏–æ–Ω–∞… –ü–æ—Å—Ç–æ—è–Ω–Ω–æ –Ω–∞—Ö–æ–¥–∏—à—å—Å—è –≤ –∫–æ–Ω—Ç–∞–∫—Ç–µ —Å –ø—Ä–∏—Ä–æ–¥–æ–π, —á—É–≤—Å—Ç–≤—É—è –∑–∞–ø–∞—Ö–∏, –≤–æ—Å–ø—Ä–∏–Ω–∏–º–∞—è —Å–µ–±—è –µ–µ –Ω–µ–æ—Ç—ä–µ–º–ª–µ–º–æ–π —á–∞—Å—Ç–∏—Ü–µ–π!

–ò–¥–µ—é –¥–ª—è –¥–∞–ª—å–Ω–µ–π—à–∏—Ö –ø–æ–µ–∑–¥–æ–∫ –ø–æ–¥–∞–ª–∞ —Å–∞–º–∞ –∂–∏–∑–Ω—å. –ü–æ—Å–ª–µ –ø–µ—Ä–µ—Å—Ç—Ä–æ–π–∫–∏ –í–ª–∞–¥–∏–º–∏—Ä —Å —Å–µ–º—å–µ–π –ø–µ—Ä–µ–µ—Ö–∞–ª–∏ –≤ –†–æ—Å—Å–∏—é, –≤ –ö—É–π–±—ã—à–µ–≤. –ï–≥–æ –∂–µ–Ω—É –Ω–∞ —ç—Ç–æ—Ç —Ä–∞–∑ –ø—Ä–∏–Ω—è–ª–∏, –Ω–æ –ø–æ—è–≤–∏–ª–∞—Å—å –Ω–æ–≤–∞—è –ø—Ä–æ–±–ª–µ–º–∞ – –æ–±–∞ –Ω–µ —Å–º–æ–≥–ª–∏ –Ω–∞–π—Ç–∏ —Ä–∞–±–æ—Ç—É. –ü—Ä–∏—à–ª–æ—Å—å –≤–µ—Ä–Ω—É—Ç—å—Å—è –≤ –°–æ—Ñ–∏—é, –í–ª–∞–¥–∏–º–∏—Ä —É—Å—Ç—Ä–æ–∏–ª—Å—è –Ω–∞ —Ç–µ–ª–µ–≤–∏–¥–µ–Ω–∏–µ, –Ω–æ —É–∂–µ –≤—Å–∫–æ—Ä–µ –ø–æ–ø–∞–ª –ø–æ–¥ —Å–æ–∫—Ä–∞—â–µ–Ω–∏–µ. –í –æ—Ç—á–∞—è–Ω–∏–∏ –í–ª–∞–¥–∏–º–∏—Ä –ø–æ–ª–æ–∂–∏–ª –ø–µ—Ä–µ–¥ —Å–æ–±–æ–π —á–∏—Å—Ç—ã–π –ª–∏—Å—Ç –±—É–º–∞–≥–∏ –∏ –Ω–∞–ø–∏—Å–∞–ª —Ç–æ, —á—Ç–æ –±–æ–ª—å—à–µ –≤—Å–µ–≥–æ –µ–≥–æ –ø—Ä–∏–≤–ª–µ–∫–∞–ª–æ: —Ç–≤–æ—Ä—á–µ—Å—Ç–≤–æ, —Å–ø–æ—Ä—Ç, –ø—É—Ç–µ—à–µ—Å—Ç–≤–∏—è –∏ —Å–≤–æ–±–æ–¥–Ω—ã–π —Ä–∞–±–æ—á–∏–π –¥–µ–Ω—å. –†–µ—à–µ–Ω–∏–µ –ø—Ä–∏—à–ª–æ –Ω–µ–æ–∂–∏–¥–∞–Ω–Ω–æ: –≤—Å–µ —ç—Ç–æ —Å–æ–≤–º–µ—â–∞–µ—Ç—Å—è –≤ –∫—Ä—É–≥–æ—Å–≤–µ—Ç–Ω–æ–º –ø—É—Ç–µ—à–µ—Å—Ç–≤–∏–∏! –ü–æ—Å–∫–æ–ª—å–∫—É –¥–µ–Ω–µ–≥ –Ω–µ –±—ã–ª–æ, —Ä–µ—à–∏–ª –µ—Ö–∞—Ç—å –Ω–∞ –≤–µ–ª–æ—Å–∏–ø–µ–¥–µ, —Ç–µ–º –±–æ–ª–µ–µ –æ–ø—ã—Ç –ø–æ–µ–∑–¥–æ–∫, –∏ –¥–æ–≤–æ–ª—å–Ω–æ –¥–∞–ª—å–Ω–∏—Ö, —É–∂–µ –±—ã–ª. –ö —Ç–æ–º—É –∂–µ –≤ –ø–æ–µ–∑–¥–∫–µ –í–ª–∞–¥–∏–º–∏—Ä –º–æ–≥ –∑–∞–Ω–∏–º–∞—Ç—å—Å—è –ª—é–±–∏–º—ã–º–∏ –¥–µ–ª–∞–º–∏ – –ø–∏—Å–∞—Ç—å –∫–Ω–∏–≥–∏ –∏ —Å–Ω–∏–º–∞—Ç—å –¥–æ–∫—É–º–µ–Ω—Ç–∞–ª—å–Ω—ã–µ —Ñ–∏–ª—å–º—ã. –í 1994 –≥–æ–¥—É –í–ª–∞–¥–∏–º–∏—Ä –°–æ—Ä–æ–∫–∏–Ω, —Ä–µ—à–∞–µ—Ç—Å—è –Ω–∞ –Ω–µ–≤–µ—Ä–æ—è—Ç–Ω—É—é, –¥–∞–∂–µ –∞–±—Å—É—Ä–¥–Ω—É—é –∏–¥–µ—é: –≤—ã–µ–∑–∂–∞–µ—Ç –∏–∑ –°–æ—Ñ–∏–∏ –≤ –ê–≤—Å—Ç—Ä–∞–ª–∏—é! –ò –¥–æ—Å—Ç–∏–≥–∞–µ—Ç –ó–µ–ª–µ–Ω–æ–≥–æ –∫–æ–Ω—Ç–∏–Ω–µ–Ω—Ç–∞! –í –ê–≤—Å—Ç—Ä–∞–ª–∏—é –í–ª–∞–¥–∏–º–∏—Ä –ø—Ä–∏–µ—Ö–∞–ª, –∏–º–µ—è –≤—Å–µ–≥–æ 350 –¥–æ–ª–ª–∞—Ä–æ–≤ –°–®–ê –≤ –∫–∞—Ä–º–∞–Ω–µ.

–ê–≤—Å—Ç—Ä–∞–ª–∏–π—Å–∫–∞—è –ø–æ–µ–∑–¥–∫–∞ –±—ã–ª–∞ –Ω–∞—á–∞–ª–æ–º –±–æ–ª—å—à–æ–≥–æ –º–∏—Ä–æ–≤–æ–≥–æ —Ç—É—Ä–Ω–µ. –ü–æ—Å–ª–µ –ê–≤—Å—Ç—Ä–∞–ª–∏–∏ –∑–∞—Ö–æ—Ç–µ–ª–æ—Å—å –ø–æ–±—ã–≤–∞—Ç—å –∏ –≤ –¥—Ä—É–≥–∏—Ö –µ–≤—Ä–æ–ø–µ–π—Å–∫–∏–µ —Å—Ç—Ä–∞–Ω–∞—Ö. –í 1996 –≥–æ–¥—É, –≤—Å–µ–≥–æ –∑–∞ –ø—è—Ç—å –º–µ—Å—è—Ü–µ–≤ –í–ª–∞–¥–∏–º–∏—Ä –ø–æ–±—ã–≤–∞–ª –≤ 15 –µ–≤—Ä–æ–ø–µ–π—Å–∫–∏—Ö —Å—Ç—Ä–∞–Ω–∞—Ö, –ø–æ—Å–ª–µ —á–µ–≥–æ –æ–Ω –æ—Ç–ø—Ä–∞–≤–∏–ª—Å—è –Ω–∞ –≥–∞—Å—Ç—Ä–æ–ª–∏ —É–∂–µ –ø–æ –≤—Å–µ–π –ï–≤—Ä–æ–ø–µ –∏ –∑–∞–µ–∑–∂–∞–ª –≤ –°–∫–∞–Ω–¥–∏–Ω–∞–≤–∏—é. –í—Å–ª–µ–¥ –∑–∞ –ø–µ—Ä–≤—ã–º –ø—É—Ç–µ—à–µ—Å—Ç–≤–∏–µ–º –ø–æ—Å–ª–µ–¥–æ–≤–∞–ª–æ –≤—Ç–æ—Ä–æ–µ, –Ω–∞ —ç—Ç–æ—Ç —Ä–∞–∑ –≤ –ê—Ñ—Ä–∏–∫—É. –û—Ç–ø—Ä–∞–≤–∏–≤—à–∏—Å—å –≤ –ø—É—Ç—å 2 —Å–µ–Ω—Ç—è–±—Ä—è 1999 –≥–æ–¥–∞, –°–æ—Ä–æ–∫–∏–Ω –≤ –∫–æ–º–ø–∞–Ω–∏–∏ —Å —Ö—É–¥–æ–∂–Ω–∏–∫–æ–º –ö—Ä–∏–µ—Ç–æ –ö–∏—Ä–¥–∂–∞–ª–∏ –ø—Ä–µ–æ–¥–æ–ª–µ–ª 16500 –∫–∏–ª–æ–º–µ—Ç—Ä–æ–≤ –∏ –ø–æ–±—ã–≤–∞–ª –≤ 23 —Å—Ç—Ä–∞–Ω–∞—Ö –ø–æ–∫–∞ –Ω–µ –¥–æ—Å—Ç–∏–≥ —Ñ–∏–Ω–∞–ª—å–Ω–æ–π —Ç–æ—á–∫–∏ –Ω–∞–∑–Ω–∞—á–µ–Ω–∏—è – –ö–µ–π–ø—Ç–∞—É–Ω–∞. –ê—Ñ—Ä–∏–∫–∞–Ω—Å–∫–æ–µ –ø—É—Ç–µ—à–µ—Å—Ç–≤–∏–µ –æ–∫–∞–∑–∞–ª–æ—Å—å –æ–¥–Ω–∏–º –∏–∑ —Å–∞–º—ã—Ö —Å–ª–æ–∂–Ω—ã—Ö. –ù–∞–∏–±–æ–ª—å—à–∏–µ –ø—Ä–æ–±–ª–µ–º—ã –≤–æ–∑–Ω–∏–∫–ª–∏ —Å –ø–∏—Ç—å–µ–≤–æ–π –≤–æ–¥–æ–π, –¥–∞ –Ω–µ–≤–µ—Ä–æ—è—Ç–Ω–æ –¥–æ—Å–∞–∂–¥–∞–ª–∏ –∂—É—Ç–∫–∏–µ –º–∞–ª—è—Ä–∏–π–Ω—ã–µ –∫–æ–º–∞—Ä—ã. –¢—Ä–µ—Ç—å–µ –≤–µ–ª–∏–∫–æ–µ –ø—É—Ç–µ—à–µ—Å—Ç–≤–∏–µ —Å–æ—Å—Ç–æ—è–ª–æ—Å—å –∑–∞ –æ–∫–µ–∞–Ω–æ–º. –í 2001 –≥–æ–¥—É –í–æ–ª–æ–¥—è –∏–∑ –ö–∞–Ω–∞–¥—ã —á–µ—Ä–µ–∑ –°–®–ê –∏ –ú–µ–∫—Å–∏–∫—É –ø—Ä–∏–µ—Ö–∞–ª –Ω–∞ –ö—É–±—É.

–ö–æ–≥–¥–∞ –í–ª–∞–¥–∏–º–∏—Ä —Ç–æ–ª—å–∫–æ –Ω–∞—á–∏–Ω–∞–ª –∫–∞—Ä—å–µ—Ä—É –ø—Ä–æ—Ñ–µ—Å—Å–∏–æ–Ω–∞–ª—å–Ω–æ–≥–æ –ø—É—Ç–µ—à–µ—Å—Ç–≤–µ–Ω–Ω–∏–∫–∞ –∏ –µ–∑–¥–∏–ª –ø–æ –ë–æ–ª–≥–∞—Ä–∏–∏, —Ç–æ —É–∂–µ —Ç–æ–≥–¥–∞ –ø–æ–Ω—è–ª, —á—Ç–æ –∂–∏—Ç—å –∏–Ω–∞—á–µ –±–æ–ª—å—à–µ –Ω–µ —Å–º–æ–∂–µ—Ç. –í –Ω–µ–º –≤—Å–µ–≥–¥–∞ –∂–∏–ª –¥—É—Ö —Å–≤–æ–±–æ–¥–Ω–æ–≥–æ —á–µ–ª–æ–≤–µ–∫–∞, –≤–æ–∑–º–æ–∂–Ω–æ, –∏–º–µ–Ω–Ω–æ –ø–æ—ç—Ç–æ–º—É –æ–Ω –Ω–∞—Ö–æ–¥–∏–ª –≤ —Å–µ–±–µ —Å–∏–ª—ã –ø—Ä–∏–Ω–∏–º–∞—Ç—å –∫–ª—é—á–µ–≤—ã–µ —Ä–µ—à–µ–Ω–∏—è –≤ –∂–∏–∑–Ω–∏, –Ω–∞ –∫–æ—Ç–æ—Ä—ã–µ –ø—Ä–æ—Å—Ç–æ–º—É —á–µ–ª–æ–≤–µ–∫—É –æ—Ç–≤–∞–∂–∏—Ç—å—Å—è —Å–æ–≤—Å–µ–º –Ω–µ –ø—Ä–æ—Å—Ç–æ.

–í —ç—Ç–æ–º —Å–º—ã—Å–ª–µ –í–ª–∞–¥–∏–º–∏—Ä—É –ø–æ–≤–µ–∑–ª–æ. –ï–º—É –Ω–µ —Ç–æ–ª—å–∫–æ —É–¥–∞–ª–æ—Å—å –≤—ã—Ä–≤–∞—Ç—å—Å—è –∏–∑ –ø–æ–≤—Å–µ–¥–Ω–µ–≤–Ω–æ–π —Ä—É—Ç–∏–Ω—ã, –Ω–æ –∏ –æ—Å—Ç–∞–≤–∞—Ç—å—Å—è —Å–µ–º–µ–π–Ω—ã–º —á–µ–ª–æ–≤–µ–∫–æ–º, –æ—á–µ–Ω—å –ø—Ä–µ–¥–∞–Ω–Ω—ã–º –¥–æ–º—É –∏ —Å–µ–º—å–µ.. –í –¥–æ—Ä–æ–≥–µ –ø—É—Ç–µ—à–µ—Å—Ç–≤–µ–Ω–Ω–∏–∫ –Ω–µ –æ–±—Ä–µ–º–µ–Ω—è–µ—Ç —Å–µ–±—è –ª–∏—à–Ω–∏–º–∏ –≤–µ—â–∞–º–∏. –ò –æ–±—Ö–æ–¥–∏—Ç—Å—è –º–∏–Ω–∏–º—É–º –¥–µ–Ω–µ–≥. –ù–µ–ø—Ä–∞–≤—ã —Ç–µ, –∫—Ç–æ –¥—É–º–∞–µ—Ç, —á—Ç–æ –∑–∞ 350 –¥–æ–ª–ª–∞—Ä–æ–≤ –Ω–µ –¥–æ–µ—Ö–∞—Ç—å –¥–æ –ê–≤—Å—Ç—Ä–∞–ª–∏–∏, –∞ –∑–∞ 450 – –ø—Ä–æ–µ—Ö–∞—Ç—å—Å—è –ø–æ –ê—Ñ—Ä–∏–∫–µ. –ü–æ —Å–ª–æ–≤–∞–º –í–æ–ª–æ–¥–∏ –°–æ—Ä–æ–∫–∏–Ω–∞, –ø—É—Ç–µ—à–µ—Å—Ç–≤–æ–≤–∞—Ç—å —Å –¥–µ–Ω—å–≥–∞–º–∏ —Å–º–æ–∂–µ—Ç –ª—é–±–æ–π. –ê —Ç—ã –ø–æ–ø—Ä–æ–±—É–π, –∫–æ–≥–¥–∞ –∏—Ö –Ω–µ—Ç!

–í—Å–µ –Ω–µ–æ–±—Ö–æ–¥–∏–º–æ–µ –æ–Ω —É–∂–µ –≤–µ–∑–µ—Ç —Å —Å–æ–±–æ–π: –ø–∞–ª–∞—Ç–∫—É, –æ–¥–µ–∂–¥—É, –∫–∞–º–µ—Ä—É, —Ñ–æ—Ç–æ–∞–ø–ø–∞—Ä–∞—Ç, –Ω–æ—É—Ç–±—É–∫, 5-6 –∫–∏–ª–æ–≥—Ä–∞–º–º–æ–≤ –ø—Ä–æ–¥—É–∫—Ç–æ–≤: –æ–≤—Å—è–Ω–∫—É, –º–æ–ª–æ–∫–æ, —Å–∞—Ö–∞—Ä, –∫–æ—Ñ–µ. –í –ø—É—Ç–∏ –≤–æ—Å–ø–æ–ª–Ω—è–µ—Ç –∑–∞–ø–∞—Å—ã –ø—Ä–æ–¥–æ–≤–æ–ª—å—Å—Ç–≤–∏—è. –ù—É –∞ –¥–µ—Å–µ—Ä—Ç –æ–±—ã—á–Ω–æ –ø–æ–ª—É—á–∞–µ—Ç –±–µ—Å–ø–ª–∞—Ç–Ω–æ –ø—Ä—è–º–æ –Ω–∞ –¥–æ—Ä–æ–≥–µ – —Ñ—Ä—É–∫—Ç—ã –≤ —Å–∞–¥–∞—Ö –∏–ª–∏ —á—Ç–æ-—Ç–æ –¥–∏–∫–æ—Ä–∞—Å—Ç—É—â–µ–µ, –Ω–æ –≤–∫—É—Å–Ω–æ–µ –∏ –ø–æ–ª–µ–∑–Ω–æ–µ. –í –ø—É—Å—Ç—ã–Ω—è—Ö, –ª–µ—Å–∞—Ö, –¥–∂—É–Ω–≥–ª—è—Ö —Å–ø–∞–ª, –±—ã–≤–∞–ª–æ, –ø–æ–¥ –æ—Ç–∫—Ä—ã—Ç—ã–º –Ω–µ–±–æ–º. –ê –±—ã–≤–∞–ª–æ – –≤ —Ö—Ä–∞–º–∞—Ö –∏ –º–æ–Ω–∞—Å—Ç—ã—Ä—è—Ö, –∑–∞–±—Ä–æ—à–µ–Ω–Ω—ã—Ö –∑–¥–∞–Ω–∏—è—Ö, –Ω–∞ —Å—Ç—Ä–æ–π–∫–∞—Ö, –æ–¥–∏–Ω —Ä–∞–∑ –¥–∞–∂–µ –≤ —Ç—é—Ä—å–º–µ. –î–∞ –∏ –ø—Ä–æ—Å—Ç—ã–µ –º–µ—Å—Ç–Ω—ã–µ –∂–∏—Ç–µ–ª–∏ —á–∞—Å—Ç–æ –≥–æ—Ç–æ–≤—ã –ø—Ä–∏–Ω—è—Ç—å –ø—É—Ç–µ—à–µ—Å—Ç–≤–µ–Ω–Ω–∏–∫–∞. –¢–∞–∫ –≤–æ—Ç, –æ–±—Ö–æ–¥—è—Å—å –º–∏–Ω–∏–º—É–º–æ–º, –í–æ–ª–æ–¥—è –ø–æ–ª—É—á–∞–µ—Ç –º–∞–∫—Å–∏–º—É–º –≤–ø–µ—á–∞—Ç–ª–µ–Ω–∏–π.

–ü–æ–Ω—è—Ç–Ω–æ, —á—Ç–æ –ø—Ä–∏ —Ç–∞–∫–æ–º –ø–µ—Ä–µ–¥–≤–∏–∂–µ–Ω–∏–∏ –ø–æ –ø–ª–∞–Ω–µ—Ç–µ —Å–ª—É—á–∏—Ç—å—Å—è –º–æ–∂–µ—Ç –≤—Å—è–∫–æ–µ. –í –ë–∞–Ω–≥–∫–æ–∫–µ –í–æ–ª–æ–¥—é —Å–±–∏–ª–∞ –º–∞—à–∏–Ω–∞. –°–µ—Ä—å–µ–∑–Ω—ã—Ö —Ç—Ä–∞–≤–º —É–¥–∞–ª–æ—Å—å –∏–∑–±–µ–∂–∞—Ç—å, –Ω–æ –∏ –Ω–µ–¥–µ–ª—é –≤ –±–æ–ª—å–Ω–∏—Ü–µ –≤—Å–µ-—Ç–∞–∫–∏ –ø—Ä–æ–≤–∞–ª—è–ª—Å—è. –í –ê—Ñ—Ä–∏–∫–µ –ø—É—Ç–µ—à–µ—Å—Ç–≤–µ–Ω–Ω–∏–∫ —Å–≤–∞–ª–∏–ª—Å—è —Å –∂–µ—Å—Ç–æ—á–∞–π—à–µ–π –º–∞–ª—è—Ä–∏–µ–π. –î–µ—Å—è—Ç—å –¥–Ω–µ–π –º–µ—Ç–∞–ª—Å—è –≤ –∂–∞—Ä—É —Å —Ç–µ–º–ø–µ—Ä–∞—Ç—É—Ä–æ–π –æ–∫–æ–ª–æ 40 –≥—Ä–∞–¥—É—Å–æ–≤. –í —Å–≤–æ–µ–º —á—É–¥–µ—Å–Ω–æ–º –∏—Å—Ü–µ–ª–µ–Ω–∏–∏ –æ–Ω –≤–∏–¥–∏—Ç –∑–∞—Å–ª—É–≥—É —Ç–æ–ª—å–∫–æ –º–µ—Å—Ç–Ω—ã—Ö –≤—Ä–∞—á–µ–π. –í –¢–∞–∏–ª–∞–Ω–¥–µ, –ø–æ–∫–∞ –æ–Ω –∫—É–ø–∞–ª—Å—è, –±–µ—Å—Ü–µ—Ä–µ–º–æ–Ω–Ω—ã–µ –æ–±–µ–∑—å—è–Ω—ã-–≤–æ—Ä–∏—à–∫–∏ —Ä–∞—Å—Ç–∞—â–∏–ª–∏ –µ–¥–≤–∞ –ª–∏ –Ω–µ –≤—Å–µ –µ–≥–æ –∏–º—É—â–µ—Å—Ç–≤–æ.

–ù–æ —Ç—Ä—É–¥–Ω–æ—Å—Ç–∏ –í–ª–∞–¥–∏–º–∏—Ä—É –Ω–∏–ø–æ—á–µ–º. –û–Ω —É–≤–µ—Ä–µ–Ω, —á—Ç–æ –∏ –Ω–µ–ø—Ä–∏—è—Ç–Ω–æ—Å—Ç–∏ –≤ –∫—Ä—É–≥–æ—Å–≤–µ—Ç–Ω–æ–º –ø—É—Ç–µ—à–µ—Å—Ç–≤–∏–∏ –ø–æ–º–æ–≥–∞—é—Ç –ø–æ–∑–Ω–∞—Ç—å –º–∏—Ä –ª—É—á—à–µ, –æ–±—ä–µ–º–Ω–µ–µ, –≥–ª—É–±–∂–µ. –ò –æ–Ω –≥–æ—Ç–æ–≤ –∫ –∏—Å–ø—ã—Ç–∞–Ω–∏—è–º —Ä–∞–¥–∏ –ø–æ–∑–Ω–∞–Ω–∏—è, –Ω–æ–≤—ã—Ö –∑–Ω–∞–∫–æ–º—Å—Ç–≤, –Ω–æ–≤—ã—Ö –Ω–µ–ø–µ—Ä–µ–¥–∞–≤–∞–µ–º—ã—Ö –æ—â—É—â–µ–Ω–∏–π –æ—Ç –ø—Ä–∏–∫–æ—Å–Ω–æ–≤–µ–Ω–∏—è –∫ –ø—Ä–∏—Ä–æ–¥–µ.

–ù–∞ –ì–ª–∞–≤–Ω—É—é

–≠—Ç–∞ –∑–∞–ø–∏—Å—å –±—ã–ª–∞ –æ–ø—É–±–ª–∏–∫–æ–≤–∞–Ω–∞ –≤ —Ä—É–±—Ä–∏–∫–µ –†–∞–∑–Ω–æ–µ –∏ –æ—Ç–º–µ—á–µ–Ω–∞ –º–µ—Ç–∫–∞–º–∏ , . –î–æ–±–∞–≤–∏—Ç—å –≤ –∑–∞–∫–ª–∞–¥–∫–∏ —Å—Å—ã–ª–∫—É.